Test device capable of evenly applying axial compression load and shearing load

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of strength tests in aviation, and particularly relates to a test device capable of evenly applying an axial compression load and a shearing load. The test device comprises a shearing load applying component 1, an axial compression load applying component 2, a lower platform component 3 and a rib-adding flat plate component 4. According to the technology for independently loading the compression load and the shearing load, adopted by the device, the device not only is suitable for the flat plate, but also is suitable for a rib-adding flat plate. Furthermore, the test debugging of the single axial compression load and the single shearing load under the condition that the rib-adding flat plate is invariable in an installing posture can be realized, so that the reference can be provided for the analysis of the stress state of a lower wall plate under the joint action of the compression load and the shearing load. The device applies shearing force by the self-balance principle of a whole frame and a 'load balancer', so that the shearing force can be evenly applied, the axial rigidity of the rib-adding flat plate can not be enhanced due to an adopted segmental shearing reinforcement block, a compression load applying effect can not be influenced, and a 'side frame effect' can be avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation strength testing, in particular to a testing device capable of uniformly applying axial compression and shearing loads. Background technique [0002] Flat plates and stiffened flat plates are typical stressed members in structures such as aerospace vehicles and surface warships. Most of them are in the state of compression and shear composite stress. It is a very important research topic, especially for the research on the stability and strength of the reinforced thin-walled structures that are mostly used in modern aircraft under complex loads. Therefore, it is urgent to realize the loading of such composite loads in the laboratory, so that the designed structure Verifying the stability and strength of the components can also provide a basis for future structural optimization and improvement. [0003] In the past, it was difficult to achieve combined compression-shear loading for this kind of s...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The patent No. 89102131 discloses a method and test device for realizing combined compression-shear loading of a rectangular plate with a single axial pressure on an ordinary pressure testing machine. This device uses the axial compression load center and The shear load center is coplanar, so this device is only suitable for flat plates, but for stiffened plates, the axial compression load center and the shear load center are not coplanar, and the above test device is no longer applicable

Moreover, the "side loading block" used in the above device has a "frame effect". The so-called "frame effect" means that after the four sides of the reinforced plate are installed with the "side loading block", when the "side loading block" is subjected to axial compression load, the "side loading block" "The boundary of the test piece is strengthened, so that part of the axial pressure is balanced by the loading block, which seriously affects the loading effect of the axial pressure load. This "frame effect" is more obvious in the actual test

In addition, when the ratio of compressive load to shear load needs to be changed, some fixtures must be replaced. The technical requirements for test installation are very high, and installation and use are inconvenient.

[0005] Patent No. 200510038803.7 discloses a tensile-shear-compression-shear composite loading test device. This device is similar to the above device, and the composite load is also applied by an ordinary testing machine, so it is also not suitable for loading when performing a compression-shear test. rib plate, and the "shear and tension-compression loading splint" used in this device also has a frame effect, and the specific implementation of its compression-shear loading is also questionable

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