Additive of electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis process and method for preparing same

An additive and aluminum electrolysis technology, applied in the chemical industry, can solve problems such as aluminum electrolytes are prone to impurities, and achieve the effects of safe use, accelerated boiling and circulation, and cost reduction

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-10-23
张文昌
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the adverse effects such as impurities easily produced by the aluminum electrolyte in the prior art during electrolysis, and further provi

Method used

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  • Additive of electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis process and method for preparing same
  • Additive of electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis process and method for preparing same

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0018] Including additives used in the electrolyte during the aluminum electrolysis process, the main components of the aluminum electrolyte are composed of alumina and cryolite, cryolite is the solvent, alumina is the solute, aluminum fluoride, heavy alkali block, lithium fluoride, fluoride Magnesium and calcium fluoride are additives, among which aluminum fluoride is added by 0.012%, heavy alkali block is added by 0.015%, lithium fluoride is added by 0.001%, magnesium fluoride is added by 0.001%, and calcium fluoride is added by 0.001%;

[0019] In the process of aluminum electrolysis, the ratio of cryolite is constantly changing. At the initial stage of electrolytic cell start-up, due to the selective absorption of NaF by the cathode carbon lining, the loss rate of NaF is greater than the loss rate of AIF, volatilization and decomposition by Na2O, CaO, H2O, The cryolite ratio will automatically decrease, therefore, it is necessary to adjust by adding alkali blocks to keep th...

Embodiment 2

[0021] Including additives used in the electrolyte during the aluminum electrolysis process, the main components of the aluminum electrolyte are composed of alumina and cryolite, cryolite is the solvent, alumina is the solute, aluminum fluoride, heavy alkali block, lithium fluoride, fluoride Magnesium and calcium fluoride are additives, among which aluminum fluoride is added by 0.013%, heavy alkali block is added by 0.016%, lithium fluoride is added by 0.002%, magnesium fluoride is added by 0.002%, and calcium fluoride is added by 0.002%;

[0022] In the process of aluminum electrolysis, the ratio of cryolite is constantly changing. At the initial stage of electrolytic cell start-up, due to the selective absorption of NaF by the cathode carbon lining, the loss rate of NaF is greater than the loss rate of AIF, volatilization and decomposition by Na2O, CaO, H2O, The cryolite ratio will automatically decrease, therefore, it is necessary to adjust by adding alkali blocks to keep th...

Embodiment 3

[0024] Including additives used in the electrolyte during the aluminum electrolysis process, the main components of the aluminum electrolyte are composed of alumina and cryolite, cryolite is the solvent, alumina is the solute, aluminum fluoride, heavy alkali block, lithium fluoride, fluoride Magnesium and calcium fluoride are additives, among which aluminum fluoride is added by 0.014%, heavy alkali block is added by 0.017%, lithium fluoride is added by 0.003%, magnesium fluoride is added by 0.003%, and calcium fluoride is added by 0.003%;

[0025] The molecular ratio is the ratio of the number of molecules of sodium fluoride to aluminum fluoride in the electrolyte. Most of the electrolytic production now adopts a molecular ratio of 2.2-2.4. The electrolyte is acidic, and a low molecular ratio is conducive to reducing the electrolysis temperature and improving the current efficiency. The lower the ratio, the lower the solubility of alumina, and a large amount of precipitation is...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an additive of an electrolyte for the aluminum electrolysis process. The additive comprises an aluminum electrolyte and a solvent in the aluminum electrolyte. The main components of the aluminum electrolyte comprise cryolite and alumina, wherein the cryolite serves as a solvent, and the alumina serves as a solute. The aluminum fluoride, the sodium fluoride, the lithium fluoride and the magnesium serve as additives. A heavy block alkali is prepared from a powdery low-salt low-ignition-loss sodium bicarbonate under the physical pressure of 15-20 tons in the absence of any expensive binder. By changing the sodium fluoride in the original additive of the aluminum electrolyte into the heavy block alkali, the boiling and the circulating of the aluminum electrolyte can be accelerated, the components of the additive of the aluminum electrolyte can be uniformized, and the cost of the additive of the aluminum electrolyte can be reduced. Compared with the powdery sodium carbonate, the heavy block alkali can be added during aluminum electrolysis to ensure that the spraying of powder is reduced significantly or eliminated, and the heavy block alkali can be decomposed and neutralized easily during the aluminum electrolysis to achieve an obvious effect. The test in the aluminum refinery shows that the powdery sodium carbonate does not cause any bad influence to the electrolyte for the aluminum electrolysis.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrolyte additive suitable for an aluminum electrolysis process and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of chemical industry. Background technique [0002] At present, the electrolyte additives in the aluminum electrolysis process are generally powdery additives. During the aluminum electrolysis process, the boiling and explosive reactions are relatively large. Especially when powdered soda ash is used as the additive, the boiling of the electrolyte will produce explosive reactions. During the aluminum electrolysis process Electrodes are prone to adverse effects and safety issues. Contents of the invention [0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the adverse effects such as impurities easily produced by the aluminum electrolyte in the prior art during electrolysis, and further provide a kind of binder that does not contain expensive, replace the sodium fluoride in...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C25C3/18
Inventor 张文昌
Owner 张文昌
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