Rain-collecting drip irrigation method of apple orchard in dry land covered with black and white double-color microporous film

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for covering a dry-land apple grove with a black and white microporous membrane for rainwater harvesting and drip irrigation, and belongs to the technical field of fruit growing. According to the method, the membrane covering technology and the rainwater harvesting and drip irrigation technology are reasonably improved, the black and white membrane replaces part of black mulching membranes, laser punching is properly carried out on the black and white membrane, the ventilation property is improved, the water absorption and the fertilizer absorption capability of a root system are enhanced, the warming effect is improved, the white face is upward to reflect part of sunshine, the too high temperature of soil around the fruit trees cannot affect the alimentation of the root system, the membrane covering fertilizer escaping condition is reduced, the fertilizer efficiency plays a role in a durable and balanced mode, a rainwater harvesting and drip irrigation system is obviously enhanced, a black membrane and a rainwater harvesting sheet are arranged in a rainwater harvesting ditch and on an operation way respectively to reduce leakage, and water and soil losses of the apple grove and sedimentation in an impounding reservoir are reduced. The membrane covering drop irrigation method can achieve zero tillage and weed killing, manpower investment is reduced, the cost of the apple grove is reduced, both production and income are increased, apples are promoted to be in the market as soon as possible, and the income of orchard workers is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and relates to a dry land cultivation method of fruit trees, in particular to a rain-collecting drip irrigation cultivation method of apple trees covered with black and white double-color microporous membranes. Background technique [0002] In recent years, my country's apples have gradually shifted to the loess plateau apple eugenic area, that is, to the west and north. For apple production, these areas have a good ecological environment, light and heat resources, and sufficient land and labor. It has become a limiting factor for the development of the apple planting industry in these areas, especially the uneven annual distribution of precipitation, low precipitation and large evaporation, which seriously affects the development of the industry. For this reason, the development of water-saving and water-conservation measures has become a key technology in dry-land orchards. A larg...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The film-covering cultivation technology disclosed in the prior art, which mainly uses black plastic film as the covering film, has the following defects: first, the black plastic film is easy to age due to high temperature, and the covering time of ordinary black plastic film is only about 80 days; second, the air permeability is poor. Respiration, the CO2 content produced in the soil under the film is too high, which is not conducive to the growth of fruit trees; third, the warming effect is slightly poor. Although the black film has the benefit of weeding, it absorbs heat and heats up too quickly, resulting in excessive soil temperature around the fruit trees. High, while affecting the absorption of root fertilizer efficiency, it also accelerates its decomposition; Fourth, air pollution, due to root respiration, thermal decomposition of plastic film releases Cl2, CO2 and other harmful gases pollute the air in the soil, cannot be discharged in time, and fresh air cannot enter The soil affects the water and fertilizer absorption capacity of the root system, thereby affecting the growth of fruit trees; fifth, it is easier to defertilize, because with the pyrolysis of the plastic film, the nutrient release rate of the fertilizer part is too fast, and the nutrient supply is insufficient in the later stage, and the fruit trees are prone to lack of fertilizer and premature aging

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