High-yield and energy-saving electrolytic furnace for rare-earth metals

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield and energy-saving electrolytic furnace for rare-earth metals. The high-yield and energy-saving electrolytic furnace comprises a cathode, a graphite anode, electrolyte, a graphite groove, a crucible, an inner steel sleeve, an outer steel sleeve, a filler layer, diamantane and a furnace panel. The high-yield and energy-saving electrolytic furnace has the characteristics that the furnace building cost is low, the service life is long, the heat balance is good, the content of impurities in a product is less, the yield is high, the energy is saved and the operation is convenient and the like.

Description

[0001] technical field [0002] The invention relates to a high-yield and energy-saving rare earth metal electrolytic furnace. [0003] Background technique [0004] The earth electrolysis furnace is the main equipment used in the rare earth metal electrolysis method. At present, the electrolytic furnaces that produce rare earth metals and their alloys by the oxide electrolyte electrolysis method have 4000A, 6000A, 10000A, 25000A, and 30000A electrolytic furnaces in terms of scale. Regardless of the size of the electrolytic furnace, there are no more than two methods for its furnace structure. One is graphite crucible made of graphite electrode, and the outside is wrapped with graphite powder layer, steel sleeve and insulation layer layer by layer. Most of the 4000A and 6000A furnaces adopt this method. The second is to build with graphite plates, and the lower part of the furnace body is knotted with carbonaceous or carbonaceous mixture to prevent leakage. The upper par...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The first furnace building method is relatively simple and low in cost, but the furnace life is too short, generally only three or four months, resulting in high production costs

The more important disadvantage is that the furnace temperature is too high, the product quality fluctuates with the level of workers' production and operation, and the carbon content is high

On the other hand, due to the high temperature of the furnace, the electrolysis current cannot be turned on, and the current of the 6000A electrolysis furnace can only reach about 4200A, so the output is low

Compared with the first furnace construction method, the second furnace construction method has greatly improved the furnace life, but the method is complicated and the furnace construction materials used are expensive and expensive. At the same time, there are also problems such as poor heat balance of the furnace body, high furnace temperature, and carbon and other non-rare earth impurities, which affect the further improvement of product quality. In order to maintain the electrolysis temperature in the optimal range, the electrolysis current often cannot reach the rated current of the electrolysis furnace itself.

The electrolytic furnaces manufactured by these two furnace building methods have a common disadvantage, that is, the heat balance of the furnace body is not good, and it is difficult to control the furnace temperature during production, so the carbon content of the product is difficult to control

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