Orchard straw and surface soil double-layer coverage mechanical operating method and covering machine

A surface soil and mulching machine technology, applied to agricultural machinery and tools, land preparation methods, agriculture, etc., can solve problems such as labor-consuming, time-consuming, wasteful, and crude methods

Active Publication Date: 2015-03-25
NORTHWEST A & F UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The orchard straw and surface soil double-layer mulching machine disclosed by the present invention can solve the problems of simple, labor-intensive and time-consuming methods of the existing orchard straw mulching technology, promote the application of the straw mulching technology in the orchard, and realize orchard soil moisture conservation, water conservation, increase Fertilizer, weed suppression, heat preservation, reduce operation cost, improve operation quality, increase fruit production and efficiency; solve the waste of straw resources and incineration pollution in the surrounding areas of orchards, increase farmers' income and increase agricultural efficiency

Method used

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  • Orchard straw and surface soil double-layer coverage mechanical operating method and covering machine
  • Orchard straw and surface soil double-layer coverage mechanical operating method and covering machine

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0045] Example 1: Mechanized operation method for double-layer covering of straw and surface soil in the orchard

[0046] In this example, the mechanized operation of double-layer covering of straw and surface soil is carried out in an apple orchard with short stock. The distance between rows of apples on short stock in the orchard is 3.5 to 4.5 meters, and the tree shape and crown are neat.

[0047] The crop stalks are broken into sections, the stalks are covered on the soil surface of the orchard in a mechanized manner, and the straw layer is thinly covered with soil, and the method includes the following steps:

[0048] (1) Processing crop stalks or agricultural product processing waste into straw fragments with a length of 1 cm or more and less than 30 cm; The stalks of the straw try to maintain a tubular structure instead of breaking into pieces.

[0049] (2) Add an appropriate amount of soil nutrients to the straw fragments described in step (1), and perform appropri...

Embodiment 2

[0057] Example 2: Orchard straw and surface soil double-layer covering machine

[0058] Such as figure 1 , figure 2 , image 3 As shown, the orchard straw and surface soil double-layer mulching machine includes two design schemes. The first scheme is an integrated scheme, which at least includes a trailer 9, a straw material box 7, a straw matrix spreading part 11, a soil tillage part 2, and a covering soil Roller 4 has five mechanisms, and the implementation of steps (3) to (5) described in claim 1 is completed by integrating the mulching machine of the first design scheme of the orchard straw and surface soil double-layer mulching machine of the present invention.

[0059] Such as Figure 5 As shown, the second scheme is a two-step implementation scheme, and the implementation of step (3) described in claim 1 needs to be completed independently by the rotary tiller or other machines in the prior art. The mulching machine of the plan 2 of the layer mulching machine on...

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Abstract

The invention provides an orchard straw and surface soil double-layer coverage mechanical operating method and a covering machine, and relates to the field of straw resource utilization and the field of agricultural machinery. Straw is cut into fragments, and an appropriate number of additives are added so that a coverage matrix can be formed. Plowing and cultivating are conducted on an orchard, the spaces between lines or plants of the orchard are covered with the straw coverage matrix through machines, and meanwhile thin soil covering and pressing are conducted on a straw covering layer. Two schemes are adopted for the covering machine. According to the first scheme, the covering machine at least comprises five mechanisms, namely, a trailer, a straw material box, a straw matrix spreading part, a soil plowing and cultivating part and a soil covering roller, wherein the orchard soil plowing and cultivating step, the straw matrix covering step and the thin soil covering and pressing step can be completed; according to the second scheme, the covering machine at least comprises four mechanisms, namely, a trailer, a straw material box, a straw matrix spreading part and a soil covering roller. The method and the covering machine are suitable for drought orchards and particularly suitable for dwarf stock apple orchard mechanical straw covering, the orchard grass planting technology can be replaced, grass suppression, soil moisture conversation and water saving are achieved, soil organic matters are increased, the soil temperature is regulated, the production cost is reduced, and the fruit yield and quality are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention discloses a mechanized operation method for double-layer covering of straw and surface soil in an orchard and a covering machine, and relates to the field of utilization of straw resources and the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to the field of mechanization of straw covering in an orchard. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the adjustment of my country's agricultural industrial structure, the scale of fruit industry has developed rapidly. The planting area of ​​apples, pears, peaches, grapes, citrus, etc. has reached the first place in the world, and my country has become a big fruit industry country. However, compared with developed countries, my country's fruit industry still has serious problems, resulting in low product quality and low industrial efficiency. An important problem is that the orchard soil is poor and over-reliance on chemical fertilizers leads to soil compaction; soil water shortage in a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01D82/00A01B79/02
Inventor 朱新华郭文川陈胤嗣杨中平郭康权朱瑞祥杨培张宗何浩
Owner NORTHWEST A & F UNIV
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