433results about How to "Effective area" patented technology

A method and system for providing a magnetic memory is described. The method and system include providing magnetic memory cells, local and global word lines, bit lines, and source lines. Each magnetic memory cell includes a magnetic element and a selection device connected with the magnetic element. The magnetic element is programmed by first and second write currents driven through the magnetic element in first and second directions. The local word lines are connected with the selection device of and have a first resistivity. Each global word line corresponds to a portion of the local word lines and has a resistivity lower than the first resistivity. The bit lines are connected with the magnetic element. The source lines are connected with the selection device. Each source line corresponds to a more than one of the magnetic memory cells and carries the first and second write currents.

Described herein are improved capabilities for a system and method for wireless energy distribution to a mechanically removable vehicle seat, comprising a source resonator coupled to an energy source of a vehicle, the source resonator positioned proximate to the mechanically removable vehicle seat, the source resonator generating an oscillating magnetic field with a resonant frequency and comprising a high-conductivity material adapted and located between the source resonator and a vehicle surface to direct the oscillating magnetic field away from the vehicle surface, and a receiving resonator integrated into the mechanically removable vehicle seat, the receiving resonator having a resonant frequency similar to that of the source resonator, and receiving wireless energy from the source resonator, and providing power to electrical components integrated with the mechanically removable vehicle seat.

A multi-layered information recording medium including a plurality of recording layers, the multi-layered information recording medium comprising: a user data area for recording user data; and a plurality of spare areas including at least one replacement region, wherein when the user data area includes at least one defect region, the at least one replacement region may be used in place of the at least one defect region, wherein a first spare area of the plurality of spare areas is positioned so as to be contiguous to a first user data area of a first recording layer, a second spare area of the plurality of spare areas is positioned so as to be contiguous to a second user data area of a second recording layer, and the first spare area and the second spare area are positioned approximately at the same radial position on the multi-layered information recording medium.

A shielded three-terminal flat-through EMI / energy dissipating filter includes an active electrode plate through which a circuit current passes between a first terminal and a second terminal, a first shield plate on a first side of the active electrode plate, and a second shield plate on a second side of the active electrode plate opposite the first shield plate. The first and second shield plates are conductively coupled to a grounded third terminal. In preferred embodiments, the active electrode plate and the shield plates are at least partially disposed with a hybrid flat-through substrate that may include a flex cable section, a rigid cable section, or both.

An intraluminar prosthesis which includes a tubular member having at least one end which is at an oblique angle to the lumen. The prosthesis is inserted into a body lumen, such as a blood vessel, while compressed. The prosthesis is expanded within the lumen, and the oblique end of the prosthesis contacts the lumen at an oblique angle. This oblique angle reduces the stenotic effects of hyperplasia which generally occurs at the ends of intraluminal prostheses.

A silicon-on-insulator (SOI) electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device that can protect very sensitive thin gate oxides by limiting the power dissipation during the ESD event, which is best achieved by reducing the voltage drop across the active (protection) device during an ESD event. In one embodiment, the invention provides very low triggering and holding voltages. Furthermore, the SOI protection device of the present invention has low impedance and low power dissipation characteristics that reduce voltage build-up, and accordingly, enable designers to fabricate more area efficient protection device

An AMLCD having high fineness and high contrast is realized. First, an interlayer film is provided on an element electrode, and an opening portion is formed in the interlayer film. Next, after a first metal layer is formed, an embedded insulating layer is formed. The embedded insulating layer is retreated by a means, such as an etch back method, to realize a state in which only the opening portion is filled with the embedded insulating layer. By this, electric connection between the element electrode and a second metal layer becomes possible while keeping the flatness.

A method and system for providing a magnetic memory is described. The method and system include providing magnetic memory cells, local and global word lines, bit lines, and source lines. Each magnetic memory cell includes a magnetic element and a selection device connected with the magnetic element. The magnetic element is programmed by first and second write currents driven through the magnetic element in first and second directions. The local word lines are connected with the selection device of and have a first resistivity. Each global word line corresponds to a portion of the local word lines and has a resistivity lower than the first resistivity. The bit lines are connected with the magnetic element. The source lines are connected with the selection device. Each source line corresponds to a more than one of the magnetic memory cells and carries the first and second write currents.

Novel structures of photovoltaic cells (also called as solar cells) are provided. The Cells are based on the micro (or nano) structures which could not only increase the surface area but also have the capability of self concentrating the solar spectrum incident onto the cell. These photovoltaic cells have large power generation capability per unit physical area over the conventional cells. These cells will have enormous applications such as in space, in commercial, residential and industrial applications.

A quadrature signal generator receives a differential input signal and generates quadrature output signals that are 90 degrees out-of-phase with each other. The quadrature generator includes a coarse stage and a plurality of refinement stages. The coarse stage generates quadrature signals that may have some phase error, and the refinement stages process the quadrature signals to reduce any phase error. The refinement stages receive quadrature signals from the output of the coarse stage, and processes the quadrature signals to reduce the phase errors. The coarse stage and the refinement stages are configured using delay circuits that can be implemented with inverter circuits, such as, for example, CMOS inverter circuits. In the refinement stages, corresponding outputs of the delay stages are averaged together to reduce the quadrature phase error.

A low pressure suction side refrigerant to liquid refrigerant heat exchanger, located in the refrigeration circuit in such a way that the sensor (and external equalizer tube, if applicable) is located downstream of the low pressure refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger, provides for effectively eliminating both the superheat and flash gas loss regions of the evaporator which in turn increases the mass flow through the evaporator and increases the refrigerating capacity of the evaporator at very little increase in compressor power thereby providing for increased system efficiency for refrigerating or cooling purposes. On the heating side, heat rejection capacity of a heat pump is increased even more dramatically because of the heat reclaim of the flash gas loss heat, which provides for even greater efficiency increases for heating applications.

The present invention discloses a fluid purification and disinfection system, which includes a housing, an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalytic oxidation device. Said housing therein is an enclosed case that is fitted with an inlet and an outlet. Furthermore, said ultraviolet lamp is mounted inside the housing. Said photocatalytic oxidation device is a disinfection core coated with photocatalyst. Said disinfection core is installed around said ultraviolet lamp, and is fixed onto said housing. Said photocatalyst therein is titanium dioxide. The working principle of the fluid purification and disinfection device in accordance with the present invention is to utilize ultraviolet light to irradiate the titanium dioxide-coated surface of the photocatalytic oxidation device to generate the photocatalytic oxidation process. As a result, Escherichia coli, Vibriocholerae and pathogenic organisms that contact the surface of photocatalytic oxidation device can be quickly killed, and contaminants in the fluid can be eliminated. By this way, water or fluid that flows through said disinfection device is disinfected and purified.

A semiconductor device and a process for producing the same, the semiconductor device comprising two conductive layers provided as separate layers, and an insulating layer sandwiched by the two conductive layers, in which the two conductive layers are electrically connected to each other with an embedded conductive layer or an oxide conductive layer provided as filling an opening formed in the insulating layer, and the embedded conductive layer comprises an organic resin film containing a conductive material dispersed therein or an inorganic film containing a conductive material dispersed therein.

A material supply for a material application system such as a powder coating application system includes a feed hopper in the form of a duct. The duct is connectable to negative pressure during a color change process and is disconnected from the negative pressure during a spray application process. The negative pressure can be provided from a powder overspray recovery system such as an after filter blower. Dampers are provided to control air flow through the hopper duct and to allow the duct to be at ambient pressure during a supply mode of operation. The hopper duct also includes a suction interface for pumps, in the form of a siphon ring, as well as a fluidizing function. A removable sieve is provided with an optional vibration feature. Powder may be added to the duct via an access door or transfer pumps for new powder and / or reclaimed powder overspray.

The present invention is an exercise machine of providing a double aerobic workout combined with toning and sculpting for selected lower body muscle groups. The machine efficiently affords multiple exercise modes, including a standing power walk with arm toning exercise, a standing bun and thigh kick muscle toning workout and step aerobics. The invention comprises a sleek, lightweight frame with a padded base for stepping, standing or walking in place upon, a rotating power arm with stabilizing handgrip, and interchangeable pull handles and a foot attachment mechanism connected to elastic cords creating adjustable levels of pull resistance. In the first exemplary embodiment, the machine employs a detachable power arm and front frame with an adjustable height foot base. In the second exemplary embodiment, the power arm and front frame are release-hinged for efficient folding for storage. In a third exemplary embodiment, the padded base is not height adjustable.

A mask comprising a mask main body and a face seal, wherein the outer periphery part of the main body and the outer periphery part of the face seal are adhered, said face seal is composed of a sheet prepared by laminating soft resin such as polyurethane resin on one surface of elastic fabric made of nylon or polyester fibers, and said laminated sheet is cut off to have a modified ring shape.

Described herein are improved capabilities for a system and method for wireless energy distribution to a mechanically removable vehicle seat, comprising a source resonator coupled to an energy source of a vehicle, the source resonator positioned proximate to the mechanically removable vehicle seat, the source resonator generating an oscillating magnetic field with a resonant frequency and comprising a high-conductivity material adapted and located between the source resonator and a vehicle surface to direct the oscillating magnetic field away from the vehicle surface, and a receiving resonator integrated into the mechanically removable vehicle seat, the receiving resonator having a resonant frequency similar to that of the source resonator, and receiving wireless energy from the source resonator, and providing power to electrical components integrated with the mechanically removable vehicle seat.

A wind power generator includes a cover, a front nose cone, a rear nose cone and a vane unit. The cover has a curved air-guiding portion. The front nose cone and the rear nose cone have a plurality of supporting pillars fixedly connected to the front portion and rear portion of the inner wall of the cover, respectively. The vane unit is provided between the front nose cone and the rear nose cone. After the wind enters the passage formed between the curved surface of the front nose cone and the front portion of the curved air-guiding portion of the cover, the wind speed is accelerated due to the narrowing of the flowing path, thereby to generate a larger kinetic energy to cause the rotation of the vane unit. In this way, the generator within the rear nose cone obtains a greater capacity of generating electricity. Further, the generator can be still activated even under a lower wind speed.

A environmental containment system (16) for a flow cytometer (21) which provides a adjustably controllable environment in which biological particles can be differentiated and droplets separated into collection containers (15).

An apparatus and a method for efficiently executing correction of false color, such as purple fringe, caused by chromatic aberration and for generating and outputting high-quality image data are provided. A white-saturated pixel is detected from image data, a false-color-pixel detection area is set around the detected white-saturated pixel, and pixels having color corresponding to false color such as purple fringe are detected from the set area. The detected pixels are determined as false-color pixels and correction processing based on the values of the surrounding pixels is performed on the determined false-color pixels. With this configuration, an area of false color such as purple fringe generated in the neighborhood of a white-saturated pixel can be efficiently detected, pixel values can be partially corrected, and high-quality image data can be generated and output without affecting the entire image.

An apparatus and method of manufacture for metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors is disclosed. Devices in accordance with the invention are operable at voltages below 2V. The devices are area efficient, have improved drive strength, and have reduced leakage current. A dynamic threshold voltage control scheme comprised of a forward biased diode in parallel with a capacitor is used, implemented without changing the existing MOS technology process. This scheme controls the threshold voltage of each transistor. In the OFF state, the magnitude of the threshold voltage of the transistor increases, keeping the transistor leakage to a minimum. In the ON state, the magnitude of the threshold voltage decreases, resulting in increased drive strength. The invention is particularly useful in MOS technology for both bulk and silicon on insulator (SOI) CMOS. The use of reverse biasing of the well, in conjunction with the above construct to further decrease leakage in a MOS transistor, is also shown.

A filter for cleaning air by removing noxious and / or odorous matter from the air flow by desorption is constructed so that filter sections (12) can be sequentially heated for a desorption of the noxious and odorous matter. An air discharge (13) for desorption air is provided on the air exit side (11) of the filter (2) for the discharge of the desorbed noxious and odorous matter, preferably into the combustion air of an engine. The air discharge (13, 22) for the desorption air covers at least one filter section 12 at a time when that section is being heated. A relative motion between the filter sections (12) and the air discharge (13) assures that other filter sections keep filtering while at least one filter section at a time is regenerated.

The invention discloses an apparatus (1;11;31) for cell cultivation, comprising a bioreactor (2;12;32), an acoustic standing wave cell separator (5;15;35) and a filter (7;17;37), wherein an outlet (3;13;33) of the bioreactor is fluidically connected to an inlet (4;14;34) of the acoustic standing wave cell separator and a media outlet (6;16;36) of the acoustic standing wave cell separator is fluidically connected to the filter (7;17;37).

A transparent ferrule is fused to an end of an optical fiber to increase the coupling area without altering the input numerical aperture of the fiber system. This is accomplished by controlling the length of the area at which the transparent ferrule is fused or welded. In addition, an extended ferrule portion is situated behind the fusion area and is separated from the fiber core such that light that fails to couple to the core is reflected from the inner diameter of the extended ferrule portion away from the fiber core, where it can be deflected or dissipated by a beam block or absorptive material. The transparent ferrule is formed from a plurality of relative thin wall ferrules that are successively fused from the side to form at the least the termination or coupling end of the transparent ferrule.

An apparatus for processing data is provided comprising rearrangement circuitry having a plurality of rearrangement stages for rearranging a plurality N of input data elements, each rearrangement stage comprising at most N multiplexers arranged to select between M data elements where M is in integer less than N. Control circuitry is provided that is responsive to program instructions to control the rearrangement circuitry to perform rearrangement operations. The rearrangement circuitry is configurable by the control circuitry to perform a plurality of different rearrangement operations. The rearrangement circuitry comprises main rearrangement circuitry having a plurality of rearrangement stages in which there is a unique path between any given input element and any given output element and supplementary rearrangement circuitry in which from each input data element there is a path to at most C output data elements where 1<C<N / 2.

A robot cleaner and a control method for the same are disclosed. The robot cleaner and control method are capable of detecting malfunction of an auxiliary cleaning unit, and controlling travel of the robot cleaner in accordance with the detection result, to achieve efficient cleaning of an edge area even when there is an error in the auxiliary cleaning unit. The robot cleaner includes a plurality of auxiliary cleaning units mounted to a bottom portion of the robot cleaner such that the auxiliary cleaning units are extendable and retractable, a sensing unit to sense an extension, retraction, or rotation state of each of the auxiliary cleaning units, and a control unit to determine whether the auxiliary cleaning units operate normally, based on a sensing result of the sensing unit, and to control travel of the robot cleaner, based on a result of the determination.

A data processing apparatus comprising: a processor for processing data, said processor comprising memory interface logic for controlling transfer of data to a memory, said processor being powered in a first power domain; a memory for storing data processed by said processor said memory being powered in a second power domain; a system bus coupled to said processor and said memory and operable to transfer data between said processor and said memory in response to memory transfer requests issued upon said system bus by said memory interface logic during normal processing operation of said processor and said memory; wherein said processor is responsive to a low power request indicating said data processing apparatus should enter a low power mode to: control transfer of state data indicating a current state of said processor to said memory via said system bus using said memory interface logic, said state data being sufficient data to restore said processor to an equivalent program state following exit from said low power mode; store said state data in said memory; and power down said first power domain.

A sliding door and a safety device thereof are described. The sliding door is opened and closed parallel to a body of a car to reduce efficiently the width requirement for opening a car door. The sliding door has a door body, a power transmission device, and a supporting device. The supporting device supports the sliding door and couples the power transmission device to the body of the car by way of only one end portion of the door body. The sliding door further has a handle and a safety device to enhance effectively driving safety.