A device and method for eliminating cracks and pores in laser welding of dissimilar metals in aluminum and steel

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for eliminating aluminum-steel dissimilar metal laser welding cracks and gas holes and belongs to the field of laser welding. The device for eliminating the aluminum-steel dissimilar metal laser welding cracks and the gas holes comprises a workbench base, a heating module, a laser welding module, a three-dimensional workbench, a seal cavity and an industrial personal computer. The three-dimensional workbench and the seal cavity are both installed on the workbench base. The three-dimensional workbench can be moved in or out of the seal cavity. Inert gas can be injected into the seal cavity in the laser welding process, the heating module is placed on the three-dimensional workbench, a light-transmitting plate is arranged at the top of the seal cavity, the laser welding module is located above the light-transmitting plate, and the heating module, the seal cavity and the laser welding module are all controlled by the industrial personal computer. Generation of the cracks and the gas holes can be avoided to the maximum degree, the phenomenon of oxidation of the surfaces of welded parts is effectively avoided, welding efficiency is improved, and then high-quality welded joints with good stability are obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a novel laser welding device and method, more specifically, to a device and method for eliminating cracks and pores in laser welding of dissimilar metals in aluminum and steel. Background technique [0002] Laser welding technology is currently a major connection method for connecting thin plate lap joints. As a mature welding process, it is widely used in various industrial productions. There are many types of welding, including traditional resistance welding and arc welding, as well as laser welding, friction stir welding and hybrid welding, which have developed rapidly in recent years. Laser welding is a new high-efficiency and high-precision welding method using laser as a heat source. The welded joint has a large aspect ratio and small deformation. Especially, the single-sided non-contact welding method can greatly enhance the adaptability of the welding process to the product structure. , especially for complex s...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defect that the workpiece surface is easy to oxidize and produce pores, cracks, etc. during the laser welding process in the prior art, especially the poor stability of aluminum-steel dissimilar metal materials in the laser welding process, which is very easy to produce defects. , providing a device and method for eliminating cracks and pores in laser welding of aluminum-steel dissimilar metals, adopting the technical scheme of the present invention to weld aluminum-steel dissimilar metal materials, setting an intermediate transition layer between the aluminum alloy plate and the steel plate workpiece, utilizing The heating module preheats the workpiece to be welded quickly and accurately, and controls the welding scanning trajectory through the oscillating lens, and then the entire welding process is carried out in a sealed cavity filled with inert gas such as nitrogen, which can minimize the generation of cracks and pores, and effectively avoid Oxidation phenomenon on the surface of welding workpiece, improve welding efficiency, and obtain high-quality welded joints with better stability

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