Mobile type pneumatic sediment-carrying rotational flow dredging equipment and method by utilizing natural kinetic energy of water body

Abstract

The invention provides mobile type pneumatic sediment-carrying rotational flow dredging equipment and method by utilizing natural kinetic energy of a water body. The equipment comprises a dredging box culvert, an air compressor, an air inlet pipeline, a sediment discharge chimney passage and a crawler type underwater traction submersible vehicle. According to the equipment, the air compressor is adopted to inject high-pressure air in the bottom of the dredging box culvert, so that deposited sediments in the box culvert are fully mixed with water and the air to form a rising spiral mixed flow; and the spiral mixed flow is guided into the sediment discharge chimney passage, enters a shear layer with a relatively large flowing rate and then is discharged to the downstream of a dam body through a spillway tunnel or a sediment discharge tunnel of the dam body by being carried by a water flow. The equipment has the advantages of high working efficiency, low running cost, simpleness and convenience in operation, little abrasion consumption of a part, simpleness in maintenance, safe operation during a flood season and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a mobile pneumatic sand-carrying swirl desilting device and method utilizing the natural kinetic energy of a water body. Background technique [0002] The water in natural rivers usually carries sediment, especially in Northwest and North China, where the sediment concentration in rivers is very high. After building a reservoir on a high-sediment river, the flow rate decreases due to the rise of the water level, which will inevitably lead to the deposition of high-concentration sediment in the reservoir, resulting in various adverse consequences, such as: 1) flood control and improved storage capacity of the reservoir 2) The siltation state of the sediment develops upstream, causing the upstream area to be submerged and salinized, and the ecological environment is destroyed. Increased pressure, 4) destruction of original shipping conditions, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Hydraulic dredging mainly refers to the dredging of reservoirs by hydraulic methods, such as sand discharge by gravity flow, sand flushing by setting sand flushing holes, and sand discharge by using drainage bottom holes. The disadvantage of this method is that it can only carry out limited control on dredging , the areas that have been desilted may be silted again, and these methods consume a lot of water, usually sacrifice the power generation benefits of the reservoir, and the cost of sand removal is high

Underwater mechanical dredging generally means that the dredging equipment is equipped on the ship, and the dredging ship is used as a construction platform to operate the dredging equipment on the water surface to excavate the sludge and transport it to the shore yard through the pipeline conveying system, which includes a grab These methods are more common in small and medium-sized reservoir dredging. Their advantages are simple construction technology and easy organization of equipment. The disadvantage is that the output flow depends on the difference between upstream and downstream water levels. Dredging The scope is limited to a certain range in front of the dam, and there are potential safety hazards when the reservoir has a large flow rate (such as during a flood period).

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