Distributed type vibration sensing system and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical fields of optical engineering, optical fiber optics and signal processing, particularly to a distributed type vibration sensing system and application thereof. According to the distributed type vibration sensing system, a multi-core optical fiber serves as a sensing optical fiber, in which a plurality of parallel sensing fiber cores are connected in an end-to-end mode and distributed in parallel under the support of a fiber framework, and the number of the fiber cores is 2-8. Through consistency of vibrating signals of a single fiber with multiple core, namely, consistency of the vibrating position and signal of every core, the distributed type vibration sensing system processes received signals to detect optical fiber vibrating signals generation due to vibration of wheel tracks and further to obtain and enhance wheel track vibration related time-frequency domain information. Therefore, the distributed type vibration sensing system achieves superposition treatment of vibration signals received from the same or neighboring positions, ensures no adding of system scheme hardware composition and system cost, greatly improve the system signal-to-noise ratio and enhances the sensitivity of wheel track vibration relation detection to obtain and enhance the wheel track vibration related time-frequency domain information.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of optical engineering, fiber optics and signal processing, in particular to a distributed vibration sensing system and its application, and relates to fiber laser, signal processing and sensing technologies. Background technique [0002] At present, in the detection of high-speed rail wheel-rail vibration signals, the traditional distributed sensing system has limited signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity, and the effective signal of wheel-rail vibration is transmitted through air and absorbed by the medium. The signal obtained by single-core optical fiber detection is very weak, making it very difficult to detect effective signals. [0003] Due to the traditional interferometric distributed sensing technology based on the principle of phase sensing, such technologies generally have problems such as limited system signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity, short positioning distance, shielded optical fiber, com...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Chinese patent application No. 201510917944X provides a U-shaped optical fiber distributed sensing system with a deployment structure of sensing optical fibers. Multi-cable single cores are wound into a U-shape, but the consistency of the vibration signal is not good enough, and the vibration position of each cable Not exactly the same, so the vibration signal of each cable is not exactly the same

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