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Annual yield increase cultivation method of wheat and maize in Huang-Huai-Hai southern region

A cultivation method and technology of Huanghuaihai, applied in the field of agronomy, can solve the problems of slow seedling growth, only broadcast seedling rate, delayed emergence period, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-08-18
ANHUI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Existing research results have shown that straw mulching can increase soil organic carbon, but there is a tendency to reduce yield in the short term, and there are many disadvantages. For example, straw mulching can inhibit crop seed germination, emergence and seedling growth, mainly manifested as germination. The seedling rate is reduced, the emergence period is delayed, and the growth of seedlings is slowed down. Therefore, in the initial stage of straw returning to the field, especially in the first and second years of straw returning, the seedling rate is often only 85%-90%.

Method used

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  • Annual yield increase cultivation method of wheat and maize in Huang-Huai-Hai southern region
  • Annual yield increase cultivation method of wheat and maize in Huang-Huai-Hai southern region
  • Annual yield increase cultivation method of wheat and maize in Huang-Huai-Hai southern region

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0113] In the Agricultural Extension Demonstration Center of Letu Town, Mengcheng County, the target test field was selected for the annual planting experiment.

[0114] operation process

[0115] Step 1, corn harvesting and straw crushing. After the corn is mature, the corn stalks are harvested and crushed using a combine harvester with a stubble removal device. After chopping, the length of the stalks shall not exceed 5 cm, and shall be spread evenly, and the height of the remaining stubble shall not exceed 8 cm. The qualified rate of straw crushing is ≥90%, and the unevenness of laying is ≤20%.

[0116] Step 2. Straw returning to the field and plowing the land. After the corn stalks are chopped and spread evenly, the sowing of wheat needs to be sown after plowing the land. Therefore, after the corn stalks are crushed and before the plowing, the base fertilizer is added. Plowing.

[0117] Step 3, combined application of fertilizers. At the initial stage of straw return...

Embodiment 2

[0164] In the Huang-Huai-Hai area, especially in Anhui Province, one of the main factors reducing summer maize production is the problem of waterlogging during the rainy season. In order to drain waterlogging, the present invention adopts the mode of ditching alternately behind the corn seeds to drain water. The purpose of drainage is to ensure the output of the year, but at the same time, it will bring about a long-term problem, that is, soil erosion. Nowadays, grain growers generally focus on the current output, while ignoring water and soil erosion. This kind of soil erosion occurs especially on sloping land, especially on sloping land in areas with abundant rainfall. In order to ensure smooth drainage, many corns are planted in ridges along the slope. This planting method is easy to drain water, but it is easy to cause soil erosion due to excessive water flow. With the current planting method, due to the use of powerful herbicides, the weeds at the bottom of the corn are ...

Embodiment 3

[0175] In addition, on the basis of Example 2, in order to further improve the effect of water and soil conservation, the applicant of the present invention carried out the experiment of returning the corn stalks to the field after soaking the previous corn stalks in water.

[0176] The specific method is to reserve part of the corn stalks after the harvest of the previous crop of corn. Throw the treated straw in the ditch, and then compact the straw in the ditch. In this embodiment, other operation modes are the same as those in Embodiment 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] In this way, the sand content in the water flowing out from the ditch is 35-60% lower than in Example 1. The only disadvantage of this method is that the operation cost is relatively high, but it has obvious advantages for water and soil conservation.

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Abstract

The invention provides an annual yield increase cultivation method of wheat and maize in the Huang-Huai-Hai southern region. By means of the method, the soil organic carbon storage can be increased, the porosity of surface soil can be increased, the carbon pool management index (CPMI) of soil can be increased, and the yield of wheat and the yield of corn can be increased at the same time. The CPMI of soil reflects the influence of external management measures on the total amount of soil organic matter and also reflects the change of soil organic matter components. According to the method, the physicochemical and biological characteristics of soil can be improved, the fertility of soil can be improved, the yield of crops can be increased, the bulk density of surface soil can be decreased, and the water content can be increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agronomy, and in particular relates to a crop cultivation and tillage technology, which can effectively improve soil structure and physical and chemical properties, and has a positive effect on promoting sustainable agricultural development. Background technique [0002] The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is rich in agricultural and natural resources, with a mild climate, sufficient sunshine, and a long frost-free period. It is suitable for two crops a year and is an important grain production base in my country. The continuous cropping area of ​​wheat and corn is stable at 4 million hectares all year round 2 Left and right, the yield per unit area continues to increase, but to obtain higher yields of wheat and corn twice a year, a balanced increase in both yields is the key. The development of wheat-corn annual balanced yield-increasing cultivation technology is a systematic project, which needs to be controlled ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00A01B79/02A01C21/00
CPCA01B79/02A01C21/005A01G22/00
Inventor 李金才张银萍宋有洪卢想陈祝光陈刘炜魏凤珍
Owner ANHUI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
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