Glass-based Articles Including Metal Oxide Concentration Gradient
A glass-based, glass-based technique used to perform measurements where there is constant or near constant tensile stress. It can solve the problems such as failing to show the stress distribution of glass-based products
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Embodiment 1
[0218] Glass-ceramic substrates were provided with the nominal compositions shown in Table 2 below. The glass-ceramic substrate had a thickness of 0.8 millimeters and included a collection of crystalline phases comprising β-spodumene solid solution as the major crystalline phase and one or more secondary phases comprising rutile. The glass-ceramic substrate was immersed in a NaNO-containing 3 The molten salt bath lasted 10 hours (condition A), 13 hours (condition B) or 24 hours (condition C), or 430 ° C containing NaNO 3 The molten salt bath lasted for 2 hours (comparative condition D) to form a glass-ceramic article.
[0219] Table 2: Composition of the glass-ceramic substrate of Example 1 before chemical strengthening.
[0220]
[0221]
[0222] The chemical distribution of the glass-ceramic article was measured by a microprobe and shown in Figure 9 . In formula (4), the stress is proportional to the concentration:
[0223] σ(z)=BE / 1-n(Cavg-C(z)) (4)
[0224] In...
Embodiment 2
[0226] Glass substrates with the same composition and 0.8 mm thickness as shown in Table 2, but with an amorphous structure (and no crystalline phase) were passed through immersion at a temperature of about 430°C containing 100% NaNO 3 The molten salt baths last for varying periods of time to chemically strengthen to provide glass articles. The DOC and maximum CT values of glassware were measured using SCALP. Such as Figure 10 As shown, DOC and maximum CT increase depend on the length of immersion or ion exchange. The maximum CT value is observed after glass immersion lasting about 16 hours.
[0227] The stress distribution of the glass article of Example 2 was measured using SCALP and is shown in Figure 11 . The upper part of the y-axis representing positive stress values is the CT layer and the lower part of the y-axis representing negative stress values is the CS value. The stress profile of the glass article that had been chemically strengthened for 16 hours s...
Embodiment 3
[0229] For comparison, the glass-ceramic substrate of Example 1 and the glass substrate of Example 2, each having a thickness of about 0.8 mm, were passed through NaNO at a temperature of 350° C. 3 (Examples 3A and 3B, respectively) in a molten salt bath for 3.5 hours. Figure 12 The resulting stress distributions for the glass-ceramic and glassware shown in (estimated from the chemical distribution measured by the microprobe using Equation 4) resemble the error function (erfc) or quasi-linear shape. Furthermore, the CS depth of the layer is less than the depth of alkali metal ions exchanged to the glass or glass-ceramic (or chemical ion exchange depth).
[0230] When the glass-ceramic substrate of Example 1 and the glass substrate of Example 2 each having a thickness of about 0.8 mm were passed through NaNO with a temperature of 430° C. 3 When chemically strengthened as described herein in a molten salt bath for 24 hours (Examples 3C and 3D, respectively), the resulting glas...
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