91results about How to "Facilitate ion exchange" patented technology

A redox flow cell is presented that utilizes a porous membrane separating a first half cell and a second half cell. The porous membrane is chosen to have a figure of merit (FOM) is at least a minimum FOM. A method of providing a porous membrane for a flow cell can include determining a figure of merit; determining a first parameter from a pore size or a thickness for the porous membrane; determining a second parameter from the pore size or the thickness that is not the first parameter for the porous membrane, based on the figure of merit; and constructing a porous membrane having the pore size and the thickness.

The invention discloses a heavy metal stabilizing agent and a method for treating heavy metal contaminated soil by using the heavy metal stabilizing agent. The heavy metal stabilizing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40 to 50 percent of phosphate, 20 to 25 percent of bentonite, 25 to 30 percent of fluor apatite and 4 to 6 percent of sodium chloride/potassium chloride. When the heavy metal stabilizing agent is used for treating the contaminated soil, the heavy metal stabilizing agent and water are mixed together to form a suspension, then the suspension is added into the heavy metal contaminated soil, and the suspension and the heavy metal contaminated soil are fully mixed. The heavy metal stabilizing agent has high stability for treating soil, and the technical problem that the conventional curing agent and curing method cause reverse dissolution easily is solved.

This invention relates to preparation and use of nanocomposites comprised of an elastomer matrix which contains a dispersion therein of at least partially exfoliated platelets of an intercalated, multilayered, water swellable clay (e.g. montmorillonite clay). The exfoliated platelets are derived from such intercalated clay formed by an in situ cation exchange phenomenon between cationically exchangeable ions within the galleries between the layers of the multilayered clay with a preformed latex of cationic (positively charged) elastomer particles. Said positively charged latex elastomer particles may be prepared by free radical emulsion polymerization using: (A) a non-polymerizable cationic surfactant, and/or (B) a polymerizable cationic surfactant. Optionally, an additional cationic charge may be incorporated onto the cationic elastomer latex particles through the use and in the presence of: (C) a polymerizable comonomer bearing a cationic charge, (D) a free radical generating polymerization initiator bearing a cationic charge, and/or (E) a free radical chain transfer agent bearing a cationic charge. Such free radical induced emulsion polymerizations are exclusive of a thermoplastic polymer latex and are exclusive of the presence of an anionic surfactant. Rubber composites can be prepared by blending such nanocomposite with additional elastomer(s), additional reinforcing filler(s) and/or a coupling agent. The invention further relates to the preparation of articles of manufacture, including tires, having at least one component comprised of said nanocomposite or said rubber composite. Such a tire component may be selected from, for example, tire tread and tire innerliner.

The invention relates to a multifunctional porous purifying ceramic granular material and a preparation method, the granular material comprises the following components by weight: 30-50 parts of endellite, 10-20 parts of zeolite, 20-30 parts of diatomite, 10-20 parts of alumina and 1-3 parts of nano photocatalysis composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the materials, performing ball milling, sieving slurry, forming pore, drying in the shade, calcining at high temperature, dipping and calcining at low temperature. Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional porous purifying ceramic granular material has a three-dimensional structural tunnel with different aperture gradients, and has the advantages of strong adsorptivity, good sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, and cycle usage.

The present invention provides a liquid protectant composition composed of a cationic microemulsion of a natural wax (camauba wax) nanometer sized particles and zinc oxide nanometer sized particles in combination with a quaternary siloxane compound. The protectant composition of the present invention cleans, protects preserves and enhances the appearances of leather or vinyl surfaces used for covering items in the home or in vehicles. The product is easy to apply to both smooth and textured surfaces and has a transparent appearance. The product dries quickly and does not leave an oily residue. Utilization of nano technology to select components having nano sized particles provides a uniform deposition of the product leaving a thin film having exceptional protection properties. Unlike conventional protectants, the invention of the instant composition dries quickly and leaves no oily residue behind.

The invention belongs to the field of chemistry, and provides a preparation method of graphene/xylogen-based active carbon; the method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing xylogen-based active carbon; 2) mixing graphite oxide with active carbon to obtain graphite oxide/xylogen-based active carbon compound; 3) activating the compound by alkali, treating with pyrolysis and reduction, so as to prepare graphene/xylogen-based active carbon composite material; 4) preparing an electrode slice. Comparing to the prior art, the obtained graphene/xylogen-based active carbon provides a larger specific surface, a smaller mass transfer resistance, and a better conductivity. Additionally, applying the synthesized graphene/xylogen-based active carbon to the electrode material of a super capacitor is much better than the existing active carbon material from cost and performance.

Among other things, this disclosure provides a method for exchanging cations in an aluminosilicate. The method includes combining, in an exchange solvent and under ion exchange conditions, an ion-exchangeable aluminosilicate having a first cation associated therewith as a counter ion and a second cation source, to provide a mixture that includes the ion-exchanged aluminosilicate which includes the second cation associated therewith as a counter ion. Suitable exchange solvents include polyalkylene oxide glycols, polyalkylene oxide glycol monoethers, polyalkylene oxide glycol diethers, or any combination thereof.

The invention discloses a highly-hydrophilic adsorbent as well as preparation and application to absorption of rubidium ions or lithium ions. The preparation method of the highly-hydrophilic adsorbentis characterized in that a lithium ion sieve or a rubidium ion exchanger is added in an aqueous solution of a hydrophilic polymer, is fully stirred and mixed and drops in a phase conversion agent ina form of droplets; and after a primary ecological adsorbent in a form of a sphere is formed by solution phase transformation, the chemical cross-linking reaction is performed in an oil phase solutionof diisocyanate to obtain the highly-hydrophilic adsorbent. The adsorbent disclosed by the invention has the benefits that the ion exchange conditions of a lithium ion and rubidium ion adsorbent areensured due to high hydrophilic capacity, and the problem of solution loss of the adsorbent in the repeated use is solved; the preparation method is simple, and the preparation and the regulation aremild; the adsorbent prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is higher in absorption and desorption speed.

A method (300) for constructing a solid-state reference electrode for use in an analyte-selective intracutaneously- or subcutaneously-implanted electrochemical cell is disclosed herein. The method (300) includes immersing a metallic electrode in a solution comprising a monomer precursor. The method (300) also includes applying a fixed or time-varying electrical potential or current to the metallic electrode, thereby serving to simultaneously electro-polymerize the monomer precursor and electro-deposit a conducting polymer, synthesized from the electro-polymerization of the monomer precursor, onto the said metallic electrode surface.

The invention discloses an aluminosilicate glass, an aluminosilicate reinforced glass, a production method of aluminosilicate reinforced glass, and an electronic display screen protection glass. The aluminosilicate glass based on oxides includes, by mass, 63-73% of SiO2, 10-17% of Al2O3, 3-7% of Li2O, 4-10% of Na2O, 0.9-3% of K2O, 3-6% of MgO, 0.1-3% of ZnO and 0.5-5% of ZrO2. Li2O, ZnO and otherlow-melting point raw materials are adopted to reduce the melting temperature of ZrO2-containing glass, and proportions of other oxides are adjusted to make the glass have a high hardness and a good resistance to crack propagation.

A system for rinsing electrodialysis electrodes includes an anode input coupled to an anode of an electrodialysis (ED) system for receiving a first fluid from the anode. The first fluid is for removing ions from the anode. The system also includes an anode output coupled to the anode of the ED system for providing the first fluid to the anode. The system includes a cathode input coupled to a cathode of the ED system for receiving a second fluid from the cathode. The second fluid is for removing ions from the cathode of the ED system. The system also includes a cathode output coupled to the cathode of the ED system for providing the second fluid to the cathode. The system includes an air stripper for receiving the first and/or second fluid, and for removing oxygen and/or a chlorine gas from the first and/or second fluid.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner used for alkaline earth. The soil conditioner used for alkaline earth is prepared from, by weight, 16 to 90 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 1 to 20 parts of ferrous sulphate, and 1 part of citric acid. The soil conditioner used for alkaline earth is capable of reducing pH value of alkaline earth, promoting ion exchange, improving soil structure, improving soil permeability, and improving soil fertility; action speed and efficiency of the soil conditioner in improving alkaline earth are improved; cost is low; the soil conditioner is safe for the ecological environment; large area application can be realized; the dosage of desulfurized gypsum can be reduced, and the dosage of desulfurized gypsum can be reduced by 40% at most; and improvement effect is improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a green core brick with the advantages of simplicity, low cost and short curing time. The green core brick consists of 0.5 to 5 portions of gelling agent, 2 to 10 portions of curing agent, 3 to 45 portions of desert sand grains, and 1 to 15 portions of bentonite, wherein the gelling agent is water glass, and the curing agent is AlCl3 solution. The penetration depth and the cementing strength of the green core brick are set according to the grain size of the sand grains, and simultaneously, a little amount of the bentonite is added in the formulation to obtain a chemical sand fixing brick with good moisture and fertility preserving properties. A curing layer of the green core brick is suitable for Tibet plateau with large wind sand and more drift sand in particular.

The invention discloses a Co/hydroxyapatite catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst takes hydroxyapatite as a carrier and cobalt as an active component, whereinthe mole ratio of Ca to P is 1.35-1.67, and cobalt accounts for 0.5-2.6% of the total mass of the catalyst. (NH4)2HPO4 serves as a phosphorus source, Ca(NO3)2.4H2O serves as a calcium source, ammoniumhydroxide is added to condition the pH value of the system after the phosphorus source and the calcium source are dissolved and mixed uniformly, the mixture is treated with operations such as filtration, drying and calcination, and the carrier is prepared; and cobalt salt is dissolved in a PBS (phosphate buffer saline) dispersant solution and subjected to ultrasonic treatment, then the carrier powder is added, ion exchange is conducted at the room temperature, the product is treated with steps such as filtration, drying and calcination, and the catalyst is prepared. The preparation technologyof the catalyst is simple, the raw materials sources are wide, the cost is low, and the catalyst is harmless to the human body and the environment. The catalyst can catalyze and decompose N2O withina wide temperature range, and has the excellent oxygen resistant, waterproof and NO resistant properties.

The invention relates to a method for treating nuclear power plant radioactive waste liquid based on the birnessite in-situ reaction. The method comprises following steps: (1) adding potassium permanganate into the nuclear power plant waste liquid containing radioactive elements and uniformly mixing the liquid; (2) adding manganous salt into the liquid on the basis that the molar ratio of manganous ions (Mn2+) in the potassium permanganate to manganous ions (Mn2+) in the manganous salt is 3:2, and uniformly mixing the liquid to obtain the mixed solution; (3) adding an alkaline solution into the mixed solution drop by drop so as to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be 8-13, enabling the potassium permanganate to react with the manganous salt to generate birnessite MnO2, then adding magnetic Fe3O4 powder into the solution, and stirring the solution at a constant temperature of 20-80 DEG C for 15-300 minutes; and (4) allowing the solution to stand, performing magnetic separation and removing the precipitate, thereby completing the purification treatment of the nuclear power plant radioactive waste liquid. Compared with the prior art, the method is advantageous in that the steps are simple, conditions are easy to control, the method is economical and practical, the radioactive ion removing efficiency is high, the using range of the method is wide, and no secondary pollution is formed.

The invention discloses a synthetic method of a sepiolite/nano TiO2 composite material. According to the method, sepiolite and tetrabutyl titanate are taken as raw materials, and the sepiolite/nano TiO2 composite material is synthesized with an in-situ polymerization method. The method comprises the steps as follows: 1), the sepiolite, the tetrabutyl titanate and ethyl alcohol are mixed, stirred, dissolved and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion; 2), the temperature is raised gradually until the ethyl alcohol is volatilized thoroughly, hydrochloric acid and water are added, heating is performed continuously, and the water is volatilized, so that a dried solid is obtained; and 3), the dried solid is washed for a plurality of times and then heated and dried, a dried component is obtained, then the dried component is calcined, and powder, namely, the sepiolite/nano TiO2 composite material, is obtained. With the adoption of the method, the composite material which has a good formaldehyde-removing function can be prepared.

The invention discloses a composition substrate. The composition substrate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 to 500 parts of cattle dung, 500 to 1000 parts of corn straw, 50 to 100 parts of zeolite powder, 100 to 500 parts of grass carbon and 10 to 200 parts of urea. The cattle dung which is an organic fertilizer and the grass carbon which is an organic matter are fermented, and then the urea is added, so that rich nutrient elements can be provided; the zeolite powder, which contains major elements and trace elements required by the growth of sprouts, is included in the composition, and meanwhile, the zeolite powder has excellent ion exchange and adsorption effects, is good in stability, biotoxicity resistance, oxidation resistance and the like, and has the benefits of being capable of absorbing heavy metal ions. The composition substrate is used for both seedling culture and cultivation of vegetables in greenhouses, is not harmful to the soil; the organic matter is used instead of a chemical fertilizer, so that a crop is hardly influenced.

The present invention provides methods for low temperature desulfating sulfur-poisoned SCR catalysts, and emission control systems adapted to apply such desulfating methods, in order to regenerate catalytic NOx conversion activity. The methods are adapted for treating an SCR catalyst to desorb sulfur from the surface of the SCR catalyst and increase NOx conversion activity of the SCR catalyst, the treating step including treating the SCR catalyst with a gaseous stream comprising a reductant for a first treatment time period and at a first treatment temperature, wherein the first treatment temperature is about 350° C. or less, followed by a second treatment time period and a second treatment temperature higher than the first treatment temperature, wherein the molar ratio of reductant to NOx during the treating step is about 1.05:1 or higher.