179results about How to "Maintain conductivity" patented technology

A WCDMA system includes a Base Station (BS) transmitter, or forward transmitter and a pilot channel that transmits control signals between the BS and a Mobile Station (MS) to reconfigure their transmitter / receiver. Reconfiguration is performed according to the prediction of the channel attenuation and the threshold set at the BS or MS based on its channel power probability density function separated into three distinct equal probable regions. In one embodiment, Seamless Rate Change (SRC) / Transmitter Power Control (TPC) logic uses the predicted channel attenuation to signal both the transmitter and the receiver in a channel to reconfigure their transmit power level according to the power density function (pdf) of the channel power and threshold level. A transmission rate is reduced when the power level is below the threshold and increased when the channel power is above threshold. The pilot channel is used to signal the mobile station and the base station.

An EMI shielding enclosure, for an electronic assembly, comprising a ground plane of a printed circuit connected to a shaped EMI shielding cover. The cover results from thermoforming a composite sheet of several layers, including a carrier for a fibrous metal mat that has fibers substantially surrounded by a fiber-coat. Connection of the cover to the ground plane, to form the EMI shielding enclosure, requires the fiber-coat to adhere to the printed circuit in the vicinity of the ground plane.

The invention relates to sewable tamper detection elements for radio frequency identification devices, and to radio frequency identification devices with such tamper detection elements. The devices can be sewn into a seam of a garment so that the tamper detection element is partially inside the garment, e.g. as part of a care label. This makes removing the device difficult without breaking the tamper detection element, and thereby shoplifting attempts can be more reliably noticed. For this purpose, the tamper detection element is formed so that sewing through it does not break the element. The radio frequency identification device may be formed asymmetric so that the tamper detection element is on a different side from the antenna elements with respect to the chip. In this manner, the disturbance from the tamper detection element to the antenna can be minimized. The tamper detection element may be formed so that it contains a transparent opening on which text can be printed.

A conductive thermoplastic composition includes specific amounts of a polyphenylene ether copolymer, a polyamide, and an electrically conductive filler. The composition exhibits excellent high-temperature dimensional stability and impact strength, and it is particularly useful for molding automotive body panels that are subsequently electrostatically painted.

An electrolyzer cell is disclosed which includes a cathode to reduce an oxygen-containing molecule, such as H2O, CO2, or a combination thereof, to produce an oxygen ion and a fuel molecule, such as H2, CO, or a combination thereof. An electrolyte is coupled to the cathode to transport the oxygen ion to an anode. The anode is coupled to the electrolyte to receive the oxygen ion and produce oxygen gas therewith. In one embodiment, the anode may be fabricated to include an electron-conducting phase having a perovskite crystalline structure or structure similar thereto. This perovskite may have a chemical formula of substantially (Pr(1-x)Lax)(z-y)A′yBO(3-∂), wherein 0≦x≦0.5, 0≦y≦0.5, and 0.8≦z≦1.1. In another embodiment, the cathode includes an electron-conducting phase that contains nickel oxide intermixed with magnesium oxide.

Polymer-coated proppants for hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells have an outer layer portion that comprises an organofunctional coupling agent, preferably an organofunctional silane coupling agent. The use of an organofunctional silane coupling agent in the outer layer portion of the proppant coating is preferably chosen to expose functionalities that will be reactive towards similar functionalities of adjacent and similarly coated proppants so that, when introduced downhole, these proppants form interparticle bonds at the temperatures and crack closure pressures found downhole in fractured strata. Such enhanced interparticle bonding helps keep the proppant in the fracture and maintains conductivity with reduced flowback. The invention also helps proppants designed for low temperature well to bond more firmly and allows proppants designed for high temperature wells to bond well even at lower downhole temperatures, thereby extending their useful range.

Pyrrolidinium based room temperature ionic liquids, and phosphorous and arsenic analogues, are used as electrolytes in energy storage devices including secondary lithium batteries, supercapacitors and asymmetric battery-supercapacitors. The electrolytes preferably contain lithium ions as the charge-carrying species. The electrolytes are in a liquid state at the operating temperature.

There is described a fracturing fluid comprising a polar base, 0.1-5.0% of a mid-molecular weight polyacrylate, and an activator for ionizing the polyacrylate to a hydroscopic state.

The invention relates to an electroconductive composition comprising a polysiloxane matrix, electroconductive particles dispersed therein and an amount of a nucleophilic chemical species capable of impeding an increase in the resistivity of the composition, the nucleophilic chemical species being substantially unreactive with the particles and the matrix, and not causing any substantial impairment of the tear strength and tensile strength properties of said matrix; electroconductive composite comprising the electroconductive composition; and methods for making the electroconductive composition.

A method for selectively depositing a film of hydrous ruthenium oxide on a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:selectively functionalizing a substrate surface;preparing an oxidizing aqueous solution of a Ru-containing composition;generating RuO4(g) from said oxidizing solution;selectively depositing a film of hydrous ruthenium oxide from said vapor of said oxidizing solution on said functionalized surface of said substrate; anddepositing by autocatalysis hydrous ruthenium oxide from said vapor of said oxidizing solution on said previously deposited hydrous ruthenium oxide. RuO2.xH2O films are uniformly deposited on substrates that have been selectively surface-modified with or already contain the RuO4-reactive functional groups.

An electrically conductive film contains electrically connected first and second visible light-transmissive metal or metal alloy layers separated by a visible light-transmissive crosslinked polymeric layer. The film can be joined or laminated into glazing (especially non-planar vehicular safety glazing) with reduced likelihood that the metal or metal alloy layers will be damaged or distorted. The film also can transparently shield a device that can cause or is sensitive to electromagnetic interference with reduced likelihood that the metal or metal alloy layers will fracture.

Disclosed is a composite electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries or non-aqueous electrolyte electrochemical capacitors which contains a material A containing an element capable of forming an alloy with lithium, a material B containing carbon excluding carbon nanofiber, a catalyst element for promoting the growth of carbon nanofiber, and carbon nanofibers grown on at least one selected from the surface of the material A and the surface of the material B.

Proppants for hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells have a polymeric coating that is strengthened with reinforcing particulates that are reactive with, or chemically bonded to, the polymeric proppant coating. Preferably, these particulates are added into the coating during the coating process. In one embodiment, functionalized particulates are used that become grafted into the polymer of the proppant coating through the chemical functionality imparted to the particulates. If non-functionalized particulates are used, a coupling agent is preferably added to enhance the bond strength between the added particulates and the polymeric matrix of the proppant coating.

A cooling device for a fuel cell is provided which can maintain the electric conductivity of a liquid coolant within the predetermined range even if a load suddenly changes. In the cooling device for a fuel cell (10), the parameters (TH, TL) relating to the coolant temperature can be controlled so that the electric conductivity (S) at a target set temperature is maintained within a target electric conductivity range (Smax-Smin) based on the correlation between the parameters relating to the coolant temperature and the electric conductivity of the coolant. Because the electric conductivity is feed-forward controlled based on the correlation between the parameters relating to the coolant temperature and the electric conductivity of the coolant, the electric conductivity of the coolant can be reliably maintained within the target range even when electric conductivity with a comparatively poor responsiveness is controlled.

An electronic device having an electrode made of metal that reacts easily with carbon is provided. In the electronic device, the electrode on which carbon nanotubes are deposited by a chemical vapor deposition method using a reactant gas containing carbon and oxygen, is made of a metal generating less reaction enthalpy when reacting with carbon than when reacting with oxygen. Since the electrode is made of a metal which reacts with carbon faster than oxygen, a carbonized metal layer is formed on the electrode, thereby preventing the electrode from being oxidized. Accordingly, the carbon nanotubes can be easily deposited on the electrode.

Disclosed is a cathode for lithium-sulfur battery. The cathode for lithium-sulfur battery has a structure for improved in charge / discharge efficiency, charge capacity, and life span. In particular, in the cathode structure, an active material is inserted into a porous carbon structure and a surface of the porous carbon structure is densely coated with the conducting material thereby maximizing the contents of an active material and a conducting material in the cathode without a current collector.

The invention provides a prepreg comprising: a primary prepreg composed of reinforcing fibers and a resin composition (I) impregnating the interior of a reinforcing fiber layer formed from these fibers; and a surface layer composed of a resin composition (II) formed on one or both sides of the primary prepreg; wherein the resin composition (I) is an epoxy resin composition [B] containing at least an epoxy resin and a thermoplastic resin, and the resin composition (II) is an epoxy resin composition [A] containing at least an epoxy resin and conductive particles.

The invention provides a drawer type cooking device having an operation unit disposed on an upper portion of a drawer body so as to increase the height of the drawer body within a cooking device body as much as possible, capable of facilitating power supply and signal transmission between the control unit within the cooking device body and the operation unit when the drawer body is opened and closed. Slide mechanisms 4 disposed on left, right and bottom portions enabling the drawer body 2 to be moved into and out of the cooking device body 1 are composed of conductive materials, so as to provide a slidable state with constant conduction. By transmitting data via serial communication and supplying power to the operation unit from the cooking device body 1 to the drawer body 2, it becomes possible to dispose the operation unit on a door 2a being opened and closed. By forming the operation unit including a microcomputer for communication on the drawer body 2, it becomes possible to increase the ceiling height of the drawer body 2, increase the ceiling height and capacity of the heating chamber 3, and enlarge the height limitation of an object to be cooked. An illuminating light source 25 disposed on the door 2a of the drawer body 2 can also receive power supply via the arrangement described above to illuminate food loaded in the drawer body 2.

A gas sensor (100) includes an oxygen pump cell (135) and an oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) laminated together with a spacer (145) interposed therebetween. The spacer (145) has a gas detection chamber (145c) which faces electrodes (137, 152) of the cells (135, 150). The oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) produces an output voltage corresponding to the concentration of oxygen in the gas detection chamber (145c). The oxygen pump cell (135) pumps oxygen into and out of the measurement chamber (145c) such that the output voltage of the oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) becomes equal to a predetermined target voltage. A leakage portion mainly formed of zirconia is disposed between which electrically connects the oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) and the oxygen pump cell (135).

A method for making a conductive gasket for use in apparatus to block the exit or entry of electromagnetic interference (EMI) between adjacent metal surfaces of the apparatus. The gasket is formed at least in part by a polymeric film having an outward facing surface embossed so as to provide a plurality of peaks distributed over the surface. A metal is coated, by vapor deposition, onto the surface so as to over lie the peaks.

Pyrrolidinium-based room temperature ionic liquids, and phosphorus and arsenic analogues, are used as electrolytes in energy storage devices including secondary lithium batteries, supercapacitors and asymmetric battery-supercapacitors. The electrolytes preferably contain lithium ions as the charge-carrying species. The electrolytes are in a liquid state at the operating temperature.

There is provided a nitride semiconductor light emitting device capable of inhibiting output deterioration of light emission caused by quality deterioration of a nitride semiconductor layer due to lattice-mismatching between a substrate and the nitride semiconductor layer, and utilizing light traveling to the substrate efficiently, while forming a light emitting device of a vertical type which has one electrode on a back surface of the substrate by using the substrate made of SiC. A light reflecting layer (2) which is formed by laminating low refractive index layers (21) and high refractive index layers (22) having different refractive indices alternately is directly provided on the SiC substrate (1), and a semiconductor lamination portion (5) which is formed by laminating nitride semiconductor layers so as to form at least a light emitting layer forming portion (3) is provided on the light reflecting layer (2). An upper electrode (7) is provided on an upper surface side of the semiconductor lamination portion (5), and a lower electrode (8) is provided on a back surface of the SiC substrate (1).

A transparent conductive oxide contact layer to enhance the spectral output of a light emitting device and a methodology for its deposition. The transparent conductive oxide deposited on the light emitting device so as to have a columnar structure. The transparent conductive oxide contact layer may be preferably ZnO doped with a conductive element. Light emitting phosphors may also be deposited within the transparent conductive oxide contact layer.

The invention relates to a high-temperature abrasion resistant composite material and a preparation method thereof. The high-temperature abrasion resistant composite material is prepared from raw materials of the following components, by mass, of 1.0%-3.0% of short carbon fibers, 0.5%-1.0% of fine ceramic particles, 1.5%-10.0% of coarse ceramic particles, 6.0%-15.0% of graphite powder and the balance copper powder. The preparation method of the high-temperature abrasion resistant composite material comprises the steps that firstly, composite pre-alloyed powder I and spherical composite pre-alloyed powder II are prepared through the high-energy ball-milling technology with appropriate ball-milling parameters and the annealing technology respectively; then, the coarse ceramic particles, thegraphite powder, the copper powder, the composite pre-alloyed powder I and the spherical composite pre-alloyed powder II are proportioned according to the designed components and mixed uniformly, andthus mixed powder is obtained; and a high-performance finished product can be obtained after pressing and sintering. The designed and prepared copper-based composite material is excellent in mechanical performance, high-temperature resistant performance and abrasion resistant performance and high in conductivity, and the preparation technology is simple.

Contiguous capillaries useful for separating and electrospraying a fluid comprising analyte and electrolyte are provided. The contiguous capillaries have spray tips at one end of the capillaries and electrically conductive portions in proximity to the spray tips. Methods for making the contiguous capillaries and their use as electrospray sources are also disclosed. Apparatus and methods for conveying analyte ions from the capillaries into analytical instruments, such as a mass spectrometer, are also disclosed. The disclosed contiguous capillaries may be used to carryout electrophoresis separation and electrospray ionization of analytes. Methods for obtaining the mass spectra of macromolecular analytes at concentrations lower than previously possibly are provided using the apparatus and procedures described herein.

The invention provides a gas diffusion electrode that has an excellent ability to repel water so that reaction gas is rapidly supplied and removed, and excellent conductance so that the generated electricity is efficiently transferred, and provides a gas diffusion electrode, a membrane-electrolyte assembly, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and methods for producing the same, that retain favorable gas permeability and mechanical strength, and thus can favorably maintain cell properties. A gas diffusion electrode includes a fluororesin film in which at least carbon material has been dispersed, in which the fluororesin has a plurality of voids. A first gas diffusion electrode of the invention includes a porous fluororesin film. A second gas diffusion electrode of the invention has a fluororesin film that has a plurality of through-holes and in which at least carbon material is dispersed.

A device is disclosed for electrically controlled transport of ions between a source and a target electrolyte, including a source electrode and a target electrode. The electrodes are each capable of conducting ions, and the source electrode is arranged to receive ions from the source electrolyte and the target electrode is arranged to release ions to the target electrolyte. The device further includes an ion-conductive channel, arranged to receive ions from the source electrode and to release ions to the target electrode. Moreover, the ion-conductive channel is arranged to provide an ionic connection between the source and the target electrodes. The electrodes and the ion-conductive channel are formed of solid or semi-solid materials which are directly or indirectly attached to a support. In at least one embodiment, the device also includes a device for limiting an electronic current between the source and the target electrodes, such that at least after a voltage is applied across the channel a potential difference between the source and target electrodes is maintained, which potential difference effects ion transport from said source to the target electrode. An apparatus for transporting ions to or from a cell, use of the device for transporting ions to or from a cell, and methods of operating the device are also disclosed.

A method of making a coated article including a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film supported by a glass substrate is provided. In certain example embodiments, the coated article including the TCO film on the glass substrate is thermally tempered in a tempering furnace. In certain example embodiments, during tempering flame(s) are provided proximate the exposed surface of the TCO in order to burn off excess oxygen near the TCO surface thereby preventing or reducing oxidation of the TCO during the tempering process. A coated article, that is thermally tempered, made by such a product is also provided.

A stress-relieving heatsink structure and method of forming thereof for an electronic package, for instance, that including a semiconductor chip package which is mounted on a wired carrier, such as a circuitized substrate. The heatsink structure is constituted from a plurality of base structures which are joined along slits so as to impart a degree of flexibility to the electronic package inhibiting the forming of stresses tending to cause delamination of the package components.