179results about How to "Maintain conductivity" patented technology

A method for selectively depositing a film of hydrous ruthenium oxide on a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:selectively functionalizing a substrate surface;preparing an oxidizing aqueous solution of a Ru-containing composition;generating RuO4(g) from said oxidizing solution;selectively depositing a film of hydrous ruthenium oxide from said vapor of said oxidizing solution on said functionalized surface of said substrate; anddepositing by autocatalysis hydrous ruthenium oxide from said vapor of said oxidizing solution on said previously deposited hydrous ruthenium oxide. RuO2.xH2O films are uniformly deposited on substrates that have been selectively surface-modified with or already contain the RuO4-reactive functional groups.

An electrically conductive film contains electrically connected first and second visible light-transmissive metal or metal alloy layers separated by a visible light-transmissive crosslinked polymeric layer. The film can be joined or laminated into glazing (especially non-planar vehicular safety glazing) with reduced likelihood that the metal or metal alloy layers will be damaged or distorted. The film also can transparently shield a device that can cause or is sensitive to electromagnetic interference with reduced likelihood that the metal or metal alloy layers will fracture.

Proppants for hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells have a polymeric coating that is strengthened with reinforcing particulates that are reactive with, or chemically bonded to, the polymeric proppant coating. Preferably, these particulates are added into the coating during the coating process. In one embodiment, functionalized particulates are used that become grafted into the polymer of the proppant coating through the chemical functionality imparted to the particulates. If non-functionalized particulates are used, a coupling agent is preferably added to enhance the bond strength between the added particulates and the polymeric matrix of the proppant coating.

Pyrrolidinium-based room temperature ionic liquids, and phosphorus and arsenic analogues, are used as electrolytes in energy storage devices including secondary lithium batteries, supercapacitors and asymmetric battery-supercapacitors. The electrolytes preferably contain lithium ions as the charge-carrying species. The electrolytes are in a liquid state at the operating temperature.

A vehicle door hinge that is positioned between a vehicle main body and a vehicle door and connects the same to each other in order to connect the vehicle door to the vehicle main body so as to be openable and closable may include a female bracket that is securely attached to one of the vehicle main body and the vehicle door, a male bracket that is securely attached to the other of the vehicle main body and the vehicle door, a rotation shaft member that is secured to the female bracket and supports the male bracket to be rotatable relative to the female bracket. A coating film capable of restricting an electric current from flowing from the rotation shaft member to each of the slide bushes is formed in a portion of an outer circumferential surface of the rotation shaft member, which portion includes a part of a contact portion thereof that slidably contacts each of the slide bushes in a rotational axis direction and at least a proximity range thereof that is positioned in proximity to an exposed end periphery of each of the slide bushes.

A device is disclosed for electrically controlled transport of ions between a source and a target electrolyte, including a source electrode and a target electrode. The electrodes are each capable of conducting ions, and the source electrode is arranged to receive ions from the source electrolyte and the target electrode is arranged to release ions to the target electrolyte. The device further includes an ion-conductive channel, arranged to receive ions from the source electrode and to release ions to the target electrode. Moreover, the ion-conductive channel is arranged to provide an ionic connection between the source and the target electrodes. The electrodes and the ion-conductive channel are formed of solid or semi-solid materials which are directly or indirectly attached to a support. In at least one embodiment, the device also includes a device for limiting an electronic current between the source and the target electrodes, such that at least after a voltage is applied across the channel a potential difference between the source and target electrodes is maintained, which potential difference effects ion transport from said source to the target electrode. An apparatus for transporting ions to or from a cell, use of the device for transporting ions to or from a cell, and methods of operating the device are also disclosed.