A kind of protection method and product of lithium metal/sodium metal negative electrode

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium metal / sodium metal negative electrode protection method and a product, which belong to the field of lithium metal / sodium metal battery negative electrode materials and electrochemistry. In any atmosphere, a type of interface modification material is pre-constructed on the battery separator. A prefabricated diaphragm is obtained, the interaction between the interface modification material and the lithium negative electrode is stronger than that of the diaphragm, and the battery assembly process is performed, wherein the side of the prefabricated diaphragm with the interface modification material is closely attached to the metal lithium negative electrode, and the electrolyte is injected. Under the infiltration of the electrolyte, the interface modification material spontaneously transfers from the separator to the surface of the lithium metal negative electrode by utilizing the physical and chemical interaction between the interface modification material and the lithium metal, thereby automatically realizing the protection of the lithium metal negative electrode. The same principle approach can also be applied to sodium metal batteries. The method of the invention does not need to directly operate the lithium negative electrode or the sodium negative electrode, and is safe, reliable, simple in process, wide in application conditions, strong in manufacturability and good in actual effect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium metal / sodium metal battery negative electrode materials and electrochemistry, and specifically relates to a surface modification technology and product of a lithium negative electrode of a lithium metal battery or a sodium negative electrode of a sodium metal battery. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of industry, the combustion of traditional fossil fuels produces a large amount of harmful gases and smoke, which not only seriously affects the natural and social environment, but also poses a huge threat to the human living environment. Therefore, the development of renewable clean energy has become a top priority. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in portable electronic products due to their advantages such as wide operating voltage, high discharge capacity, stable discharge, and environmental friendliness. [0003] In recent years, with the increasing rise of electric vehic...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] However, at present, there are still deficiencies and challenges in the construction technology of the interface modification layer, mainly because the key step of the above-mentioned process involves the direct manipulation of lithium, and metal lithium has ultra-high chemical reactivity, which is very easy to mix with most atmospheres or The reagent reacts and releases a large amount of heat or explosive gas such as hydrogen, which brings great unsafety and complexity to the operation and storage of metal lithium

Not only is there a high degree of selectivity to atmosphere and reagents, but it also involves high-priced ultra-pure and high-dry reagents and equipment, which greatly limits the application popularity and large-scale commercialization of this type of process.

In addition, many material systems can be used as modification materials for the lithium anode interface according to their own composition and structure, but due to the incompatibility of the building atmosphere and reagents to lithium, they cannot be applied to the existing surface modification technology.

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