A method for automatic first-arrival picking of seismic waves in time-frequency domain

Abstract

The patent of the present invention provides a method for automatically picking up the first arrival of seismic waves in the time-frequency domain. The method includes time-window interception of the first arrival wave of the shot set; converting the seismic trace to the time-frequency domain by S-transformation, deconvolution of the time-frequency spectrum of the reference trace and the target trace; in the shot domain, deconvolution results Perform superposition to generate virtual time spectrum; Convolve virtual time spectrum and reference trace time spectrum; In the detection point domain, superimpose convolution results to obtain super virtual time spectrum; Calculate the energy of super virtual time spectrum along the time axis; The operator obtains the energy difference curve; finds the local maximum on the difference curve as the first arrival time; and automatically picks up the first arrival in the frequency domain when it is completed track by track. The invention has strong anti-noise capability, high picking accuracy, is not affected by inconsistencies in seismic trace waveforms and complex conditions near the surface, greatly reduces the workload of manual modification of first-arrival wave picking, and can well meet the requirements of seismic exploration under various complex conditions. High-precision requirements for automatic first-arrival picking.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration seismic data processing, and in particular, to a high-precision seismic wave initial to automatic picking method. Background technique [0002] The initial way to pick up the human-computer interaction, although the relative accuracy is high but the efficiency is high but the efficiency is low, the cost-effectiveness is difficult to facilitate the needs of the actual production of the acquisition data. The first-to-automatic pick-up method is mainly used. In seismic data processing, accurate picking first to waves is very important, and the accuracy and quality of its results directly affect the accuracy of subsequent processing links such as static correction, wellbore seismic exploration and chromatography imaging. [0003] With the continuous in-depth of seismic exploration, the seismic exploration target zone gradually turns towards the near-surface speed and structural changes, in wh...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, under complex near-surface conditions, the shape of the first arrival wave in seismic data may be distorted, and the influence of complex conditions may lead to inconsistent first arrival waveforms between seismic traces. In addition, there are often a lot of interference in actual seismic data noise

All of the above problems make it difficult to identify the first arrival wave in the case of high background noise, so it is difficult for the conventional first arrival automatic picking method to obtain high-precision and reliable results, which in turn affects the accuracy of the subsequent correlation processing steps of seismic data

[0004] For this reason, there is an urgent need for an effective first-arrival automatic picking method to improve the low accuracy of first-arrival automatic picking under various complex conditions.

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