Oil well pump for extracting petroleum and natural gas by pumping unit

Abstract

An oil well pump for extracting petroleum and natural gas by a pumping unit comprises a pump cylinder, a piston device, an annular bearing valve, a first traveling valve and a second traveling valve,wherein the pump cylinder body is a hollow cylindrical body with end covers arranged at the two ends, overflowing holes are formed in the two end covers of the pump cylinder body, and the piston device is arranged in the pump cylinder body and can move in the axial direction of the pump cylinder body; the piston device is of a hollow structure, overflowing holes are formed in the two ends of the hollow structure, and the first traveling valve is arranged in the hollow structure of the piston device; the second traveling valve is arranged on the inner side of one end of the pump cylinder body,and the second traveling valve and the first traveling valve are located on the same side of the pump cylinder body; and the piston device is sleeved with the annular bearing valve, and when the piston device moves, the annular bearing valve can block an overflowing hole in the other end of the pump cylinder body. The situation that a gas-liquid mixture in a well enters and exits the pump is improved, the adaptability of the oil well pump to a high-gas-liquid-ratio oil-gas well is greatly improved, and therefore the pumping efficiency of the oil well pump is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation, and in particular relates to an oil well pump used for oil and natural gas exploitation by a pumping unit. Background technique [0002] In the prior art, oil pumps are often used in oil and gas wells to lift crude oil or liquids to the ground. In the middle and late stages of oil and gas field exploitation, especially in oil and gas wells with high gas-liquid ratio, there are often gases such as free gas, dissolved gas and condensate gas in the pump cavity during the pumping process of the oil well pump. These gases are the main factors affecting the pump efficiency of the oil well pump. [0003] When these gases occupy part of the volume of the pump chamber, it may reduce the fullness of the pump, thereby reducing the pump efficiency. Especially when the gas accumulates in the pump chamber to a certain extent and cannot move up quickly above the pump chamber (th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] When these gases occupy part of the volume of the pump chamber, it may reduce the fullness of the pump, thereby reducing the pump efficiency

Especially when the gas accumulates in the pump chamber to a certain extent and cannot move up quickly above the pump chamber (that is, the pump enters the oil pipe), the phenomenon of "air lock" may occur, that is, when the oil well pump strokes up, it should open the swimming valve. Valve, under the action of gas expansion, there is a phenomenon of opening hysteresis, or when the oil well pump is downstroke, the floating valve should be closed, but due to the phenomenon of gas compression, there is a phenomenon of closing hysteresis

"Hydraulic shock" also often occurs during airlock, causing vibrations in the rod pumping system and accelerating damage

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