The invention discloses a water pollution treatment system for fishing floaters. The system structurally comprises a floating object fishing device, water pollution treatment equipment, a supporting block and a water inlet tank, the supporting block is fixed at the bottom of the water pollution treatment equipment, and a water inlet groove is formed in one side of the water pollution treatment equipment. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are that: the floating object fishing device is additionally arranged in the water inlet tank of the water pollution treatment system, an efficient energy-saving motor, a damping base, a two-way threaded lead screw set, a fishing mechanism, a connecting plate, a hydraulic cylinder, a fixing frame, a guide rod and other components are arranged in the floating object fishing device in a combined mode, floating objects are concentrated through two-way clamping so that the floating objects can be conveniently fished in acentralized mode, the fishing efficiency is high, the effect is good, the fished floating objects can be collected in a centralized mode, the floating objects are prevented from covering the filteringholes, the filtering area of the filtering net is not hindered, the blocking probability of the filtering net is reduced, the water inlet speed can be increased, and then the sewage treatment efficiency can be improved.