The invention relates to the field of makeup cotton water absorption capacity detection equipment, in particular to a spraying extrusion structure and water absorption capacity detection equipment for makeup cotton production. The spraying extrusion structure comprises a spraying pipe used for uniform spraying, the spraying pipe communicates with an extrusion water supply mechanism, and the spraying pipe is connected with a driving mechanism for driving the spraying pipe to transversely move. By arranging the spraying pipe, the moving frame, the injection pipe, the first moving block, the second lead screw and the extrusion water supply mechanism comprising the injection cylinder, transverse moving spraying of the spray pipe is achieved; by arranging a walking gear, a rotating shaft, an eccentric disc, a traction column, a groove plate, a longitudinal sliding block and a rack plate, the spraying coverage range of the spraying pipe is enlarged, and meanwhile by arranging an adjusting assembly comprising a first lead screw and an adjusting wheel, the spraying pipe coverage range can be adjusted conveniently; and through the electronic weighing platform, the weighing disc, the water seepage plate and the water receiving disc, the water absorption capacity and the water retention capacity of the makeup cotton can be conveniently detected.