The invention relates to an alkali cleaning system for filter cloth of a press filter and a cleaning method thereof. The alkali cleaning system for the filter cloth of the press filter comprises a compressed air storage tank, a filter cake washing pump, a process water pump, a steam pump, an alkali tank, an alkali cleaning pump, sewage treatment ponds, the press filter and pipelines, wherein the whole system is connected through the pipelines, and is provided with corresponding valves; the alkali tank is externally connected with the steam pump and the process water pump; an alkali liquor runback pipeline is connected to the press filter; another pipeline is connected to the alkali cleaning pump; the output pipeline of the alkali cleaning pump and the output pipeline of the compressed air storage tank are converged with the feeding pipeline of the press filter, and then connected to the press filter together; another pipeline of the compressed air storage tank is connected with sewage recycling pipelines; and the output pipeline of the filter cake washing pump is connected to the press filter. In the invention, on the basis of the original press filtering system, the alkali cleaning system is added, so that the alkali cleaning system for the filter cloth of the press filter and the cleaning method thereof are convenient to carry out and have high cleaning efficiency and an good cleaning effect, in addition, the cleaning operations are simplified, the cost is saved, and the production efficiency is ensured.