The invention relates to the technical field of ship navigation, and discloses a ship overwater multi-target detection method comprising the following steps: S1, obtaining a real-time original image of a
water area where a ship is located; s2, improving the resolution of the original image by using a super-resolution
reconstruction algorithm, and generating a high-definition image; s3, inputting the high-definition image into a pre-trained Faster R-CNN model, and carrying out target detection; s4, outputting a position coordinate, a category
label and a
confidence score of the target through the Faster R-CNN model; s5, starting a multi-target tracking
algorithm, and continuously monitoring the motion trail; s6, calculating
MCPA and MTCPA according to the motion trail, and calculating a
collision risk through a
collision risk assessment
algorithm; and S7, when the
MCPA and the MTCPA of any target are lower than a safety threshold, sending out an early warning
signal to indicate to take a collision avoidance measure. According to the method, the high-definition image is generated through the super-resolution
reconstruction algorithm, the Faster R-CNN model is utilized, the water target is rapidly and accurately detected, the detection precision and generalization ability are remarkably improved, and
navigation safety is guaranteed.