Directional jet cooling PDC drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional jet cooling PDC drill bit, and belongs to the technical field of drilling of petroleum and gas, mine engineering, geothermal wells, building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology and the like. The directional jet cooling PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a plurality of blades, wherein each blade is provided with cutting teeth; the drill bit body is further provided with a plurality of sets of directional nozzles and conventional nozzles, each set of directional nozzles and conventional nozzles are located between the two corresponding adjacent blades, and outlets of each set of directional nozzles correspond to tooth tips of the cutting teeth on the corresponding blade. When the cutting teeth of the drill bit cut rock, slurry jetted from the directional nozzles is directionally jetted to the tooth tips, cutting the rock, of the cutting teeth, the rapid cooling and temperature lowering effects on the cutting teeth are achieved, heat damage, caused by cutting heat, to the cutting teeth is prevented, the performance of the cutting teeth is greatly improved, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, the footage of the single drill bit is increased, rock debris generated by cutting of the cutting teeth can be removed through the slurry jetted from the directional nozzles, the rock debris cannot be attached to the cutting teeth, and bit balling is prevented; meanwhile, the slurry jetted from the directional nozzles is high in flow speed and pressure, the cutting teeth can be assisted in rock breaking, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the drilling technical fields of petroleum and natural gas, mining engineering, geothermal well, building foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology, etc., and specifically relates to a directional jet cooling PDC drill bit. Background technique [0002] Since the PDC bit was used in the 1980s, due to its unique shearing and rock breaking method, it has high mechanical penetration rate and long service life in drilling soft to medium hardness or even high hardness homogeneous sand and mudstone formations, and has become the first choice for oil and gas drilling. The main drill bit; while the hydraulic structure design of the PDC drill bit mainly includes two parts: the nozzle and the flow channel. According to the corresponding lithological characteristics, it is mainly in the number and layout of the blades, the strength of the composite sheet and the arrangement of teeth, the size of the inclination angle, the lay...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

As the rotation speed increases, the linear speed of the cutting teeth on the PDC bit during the rock cutting process is higher, and the heat generated by the cutting teeth during the rock breaking process cannot be dissipated in a short time, and the instantaneous temperature of the cutting teeth and the rock rises. The thermal stability of the cutting teeth is greatly reduced. When the temperature of the cutting teeth reaches 750°C, microcracks crossing the cutting teeth will occur. When the temperature of the cutting teeth is higher than 750°C, the wear of the cutting teeth will be more serious, thus Seriously affect the life of the PDC bit

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