56results about How to "Increase footage" patented technology

The invention provides a real-time on-site drilling full parameter optimization method which mainly comprises three parts of hydraulic optimization, bit pressure optimization and rotating speed optimization. The method comprises the following steps of: determining an optimal hydraulic parameter according to a relation between a pump output and a pump pressure, which is obtained by field measurement, and selecting the size of a bit nozzle; and under this premise, determining an optimal bit pressure and a rotating speed relative to a current drilling stratum through observing variation of unit rock fracture work of a bit in real time when the bit pressure and the rotating speed are adjusted. Drilling site operators can accordingly optimize the drilling hydraulic power, the bit pressure and the rotating speed in real time and on the site, thereby maximizing drilling efficiency and drilling mechanical penetration speed and prolonging service lift of the bit or improving drilling footage of a single bit.

The invention discloses an anti-impact diamond layer, an anti-impact diamond composite sheet and a preparation method for the diamond composite sheet. Coarse granular diamond is used as a main raw material, graphite is used as a filling agent, and iron-based powder is used as an accelerant; the diamond layer comprises the following components in part by weight: 70 to 80 parts of diamond, 10 to 20 parts of graphite powder, and 3 to 12 parts of accelerant; and the accelerant consists of the following materials in part by weight: 45 to 60 parts of iron, 15 to 20 parts of nickel, 5 to 15 parts of cobalt, 5 to 20 parts of manganese, and 3 to 10 parts of silicon. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing the raw materials in the ratio uniformly, pre-pressing the mixture and a hard alloy matrix into a composite sheet, filling into a pyrophyllite block to form a structural block, putting the structural block into a 6-surface diamond presser, sintering and electrolyzing at a high temperature under high pressure, and thus obtaining the diamond composite sheet. The diamond composite sheet has the characteristics of big pores and a mesh connection structure, and is quite suitable for drilling medium hard and hard strata due to excellent sharpness and impact toughness.

A pressure yielding internally-grouted anchor cable comprises a hollow internally-grouted cable body, an anchor cable tray, an anchor cable rigging and a pressure yielding pipe, the hollow internally-grouted cable body is formed by winding a plurality of steel strands around a hollow rubber grouting core pipe, a plurality of groups of grout outlet holes are drilled in the hollow rubber grouting core pipe at intervals, the plurality of steel strands at the position of every group of grout outlet hole are processed into a honeycomb-shaped grout outlet section, and the tail portion of the hollow internally-grouted cable body is provided with an anchoring agent mixing head; the pressure yielding pipe is a specially-made steel pipe with the middle portion protruding outwards to form an arc-shaped protrusion, the pressure yielding pipe is sleeved outside the hollow internally-grouted cable body in a penetrating mode and arranged between the anchor cable tray and the anchor cable rigging, and the yield load of the pressure yielding pipe is smaller that of the cable body steel strands. The pressure yielding internally-grouted anchor cable achieves the integration of deep grouting reinforcement and pressure yielding support coupling of surrounding rock of roadway, expands the diffusion range of the grout and enhances the reinforcement function and can yield pressure timely when under relatively large deformation pressure of the surrounding rocks to avoid being broken through pulling and to further avoid losing efficacy, and can effectively improve the stability of deformed surrounding rock of the roadway.

The invention relates to a high-frequency torsion-restoration axial vibration impacting tool for well drilling engineering of petroleum and natural gas. The tool is connected to the upper portion of a drill bit in a threaded mode and comprises a turbine assembly, a switching assembly and an impacting assembly. The front end of the switching assembly is connected with the impacting assembly, the rear end of the switching assembly is connected with the turbine assembly, and periodical change of a mud channel is achieved through the switching assembly; and a sliding sleeve is pushed to slide forwards through the differential pressure generated by flow channel change, axial displacement and acting force are generated to act on an impacting spline for driving the impacting spline and an impacting hammer to move forwards together, a torsional spring at the front end of the impacting hammer is compressed, an anvil is impacted by the impacting hammer, when the sliding groove moves backwards, the torsional spring exerts a rotating torque on the impacting hammer to enable the impacting hammer to rotate, and after the impacting hammer enters another spline groove, periodic movement is repeated. The high-frequency torsion-restoration axial vibration impacting tool is simple in structure, high in adaptability for the drill bit and the stratum and capable of improving well drilling efficiency.

The invention relates to a method for achieving blasting excavation of a large-section tunnel with the area larger than 400 m2 or above based on an electronic detonator and belongs to the field of tunnel blasting construction. The blasting excavation method comprises the five stages of a climbing uplifting section, a transverse expanding excavation section, a reverse excavation construction section, an over-excavation backfill section, a residual rock mass and large-section inverted arch treatment. The climbing uplifting section adopts a common detonator controlled blasting technology, and thetransverse expanding excavation section and the reverse excavation construction section both adopt a digital detonator hole-by-hole blasting technology. According to the method, the requirements forlow vibration speed precise control, high circulating footage and safe construction can be met at the same time in ultra-large section blasting construction.

The invention discloses a vertical prestress steel pipe supporting structure for a large-section subsurface tunnel and a construction process. Firstly, a lower small guide hole is constructed, and a strip foundation is constructed; then an upper small guide hole is constructed, manual hole digging is conducted on the upper small guide hole so that a vertical channel can be formed, a vertical steel pipe support is installed, a movable end is arranged at the bottom end of the steel pipe support, the support is located on the strip foundation, and a fixing end is arranged at the top end of the steel pipe support and supported by an arch joist steel profile steel longitudinal beam; a free face is formed by the upper small guide hole, the lower small guide hole and the vertical channel, so that the adverse influences of explosion on the steel pipe support are reduced; reliable preliminary linings and the vertical support with high rigidity are quickly formed on an arch, prestress is applied in the digging process according to an information monitoring result, and active control is conducted on deformation of the arch. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the vertical prestress steel pipe supporting structure has the advantages that arch crown settlement can be effectively controlled, the explosion vibration speed is reduced, the temporary support is protected, construction safety is guaranteed, the construction period is shortened, and cost is low.

The invention provides a composite drill bit. The composite drill bit comprises a columnar connector and a drill bit body connected to the connector. The composite drill bit further comprises at least three knife blades arranged on the drill bit body evenly in the circumferential direction of the drill bit body. All the knife blades extend from inside to outside in the radial direction of the drill bit body. The outer side face of each knife blade is provided with a crown profile which is a curve. The composite drill bit further comprises a plurality of cutting teeth and a plurality of grinding teeth which are all fixedly arranged on the crown profiles. All the cutting teeth are arranged in a row in the extending direction of the knife blades. All the grinding teeth are arranged in a row in the extending direction of the knife blades. The row where all the grinding teeth are located is located behind the row, where all the cutting teeth are located, in the rotary direction of the drill bit body. The peak heights of all the grinding teeth are smaller than that of the cutting teeth on the same circumference. Through the composite drill bit, machine drilling speed and drill bit drilling depth are increased, the service life is prolonged, and the drilling rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is also improved.

A soft rock stratum underground excavation large-section tunnel construction method comprises the following steps of conducting excavation on the upper portion of the center of an arc part to form an arc part small pilot tunnel, and arranging an arc crown vertical supporting system in the arc part small pilot tunnel; conducting excavation to form a left upper pilot tunnel, a left middle pilot tunnel, a right upper pilot tunnel, a left lower pilot tunnel and a right lower pilot tunnel in sequence, and reserving a core rock wall in each pilot tunnel; pouring inverted arc concrete on the left side and right side and inverted arc backfill; pouring the arc part of a tunnel and a side wall secondary lining; excavating the core rock walls; pouring inverted arc concrete and inverted arc backfill. A supporting system adopted in the construction method comprises the arc part small pilot tunnel, a manual hole digging pile, the arc crown vertical supporting system, a side wall preliminary bracing and a core rock wall bracing, wherein the arc crown vertical supporting system comprises a steel pipe support penetrating through the manual hole digging pile and the arc part small pilot tunnel, and an independent foundation is arranged on the bottom of the steel pipe support and located on the bottom of the manual hole digging pile. According to the soft rock stratum underground excavation large-section tunnel construction method and the supporting system, sedimentation of the arc part of the tunnel can be effectively controlled, excavation footage is large, construction progress is accelerated, arc part secondary lining can be realized early, and construction safety is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a PDC and diamond-impregnated composite block, which is composed of a polycrystalline diamond layer, a hard alloy layer and a diamond-impregnated layer. The polycrystalline diamond layer takes diamond micro-powder as a skeleton and cobalt and silicon as an adhesive; and the diamond-impregnated layer is formed by being subjected to hot-pressed sintering or cold-pressed sintering by adopting tungsten carbide, or a combination of the tungsten carbide and one or more of silicon carbide or silicon nitride or titanium carbide as a skeleton, nickel, silicon, chromium, copper,tin, iron, cobalt, zinc, phosphorus and rare earth elements as an adhesive, and diamond monocrystals as a cutting element. Practice proves that the PDC and diamond-impregnated composite block is usedfor a diamond drill bit, the mechanical drill speed and footage of the diamond drill bit are greatly increased, the labor intensity of workers is lowered, then the drilling cost is lowered, and the exploration and development speed of oil and gas fields and mines is increased.

The invention provides a method for guiding the drilling and bridging of a horizontal coal bed methane well, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: acquiring regional earthquake data of an area to be exploited; pre-exploring a straight well according to the regional earthquake data of an area to be exploited, and measuring the actual condition of a coal bed; pre-exploring a horizontal well according to the measured actual condition of the coal bed, and measuring actual information parameters of a shatter zone in the coal bed; determining a bridging route according to the actual condition of the coal bed, the actual information parameters of the shatter zone and the deflecting capacity of a drilling tool; and moving round the position of the shatter zone by using the drilling tool according to the determined bridging route. By drilling the horizontal well according to the method for guiding the drilling and bridging of the horizontal well, the coal bed methane in a coal bed area on the other side of the horizontal well relative to the shatter zone can be reasonably utilized, the coal bed footage of the horizontal well is increased, and the yield of the coal bed methane is improved.

The invention discloses a full-gauge-protection PDC drill bit which is used in oil drilling and other industries; the PDC drill bit consists of a fluid flowing waterway, a nozzle, a bit body, a gauge-cylinder gauge protection and polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDC); a layer of castings are fixed on the fluid flowing waterway at the periphery of the fluid flowing waterway; the casings connect the outside diameters of the gauge-cylinder gauge protection into a smooth integration so that the gauge-cylinder full gauge protection is formed; the gauge protection of the drill bit in the invention can reach the maximum, thereby realizing the own rectification effect of the drill bit, reducing the whirl of the drill bit, prolonging the service life of the drill bit, greatly increasing the size of the drill bit and the drilling speed of a machinery and having simple manufacturing technology.

The invention discloses a soft rock single-step deep hole slotting, vibration attenuation, bottom flattening and smooth blasting structure in a tunnel. Multiple blast holes are formed in the tunnel tobe blasted, and explosives are arranged in the multiple blast holes. The blast holes include peripheral holes, groove expanding holes, slotting holes, auxiliary holes and bottom plate holes. The groove expanding holes, the slotting holes, the auxiliary holes and the bottom plate holes are internally provided with explosives of continuous loaded structures. Explosives of spaced loading structuresare arranged in the peripheral holes, and the blast holes are blocked through stemming. According to the soft rock single-step deep hole slotting, vibration attenuation, bottom flattening and smooth blasting structure in the tunnel, due to the arrangement of the positions of the blast holes and due to the fact that the explosives of the different structures are arranged in the blast holes, the explosives are blocked in the blast holes through the stemming, the explosive blasting stress and detonation gas are blocked in the blast holes, the rock breaking time is prolonged, the blasting energy utilization rate is increased, the footage is increased, the blasting vibration is reduced, the self-stabilization capability of surrounding rock is improved, and the construction speed is greatly increased.

The invention relates to a composite shock absorber for a PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) bit. The composite shock absorber comprises a drilling tool body, an impact body, a disc spring set, a torsion bar spring and an annular pressing sleeve, wherein the bit vibration impact force is transmitted between the drilling tool body and the impact body through a torsion transmission joint, the impact body is arranged at the lower end of the drilling tool body and forms a shock absorption cavity, the drilling tool body is provided with a water inlet, the impact body is provided with a water outlet, the torsion bar spring is a cylindrical body, the upper end of the torsion bar spring is provided with an external thread, the lower part of the torsion bar spring is provided with a spline, thetorsion bar spring is positioned in the shock absorption cavity, the upper end of the torsion bar spring is connected to the drilling tool body in a threaded mode, the lower part of the torsion bar spring extends into an impactor and is connected to the impactor through the spline, the disc spring set sleeves the outer side of the torsion bar spring, the annular pressing sleeve is arranged at thelower end of the disc spring set, and a bearing set is arranged between the lower end surface of the annular pressing sleeve and an annular step, located in the drilling tool body, of the impact body.According to the composite shock absorber, the damage of the slippage effect to PDC cutting teeth can be weakened, the axial vibration from a drill string can be absorbed, and the service life of thebit can be effectively prolonged.

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral exploitation, in particular to a degradation effect control method for weak-cementation strong-expansion high-water-rich soft rock. The method comprises the following steps that drainage is conducted in the tunneling working process; top plate water spraying, bottom plate water seepage and production water are managed in the production process, and water is prevented from making contact with rocks; and reinforced support is carried out on a roadway. By means of massive water prevention and control, small water volume management and reinforced support as well as cooperative management of massive water prevention and control, small water volume management and reinforced support, the water yield condition of a stratum and the water catchment time condition of a separation space can be changed through massive water prevention and control, the source treatment effect is obvious, water disasters are avoided, and then the coal mining efficiency is improved; and through small water volume prevention and control, a tunneling working face is not troubled by water any more, the tunneling working face does not return to a rear way for repair during tunneling, and the monthly tunneling footage is stably improved under the condition that the mechanization degree is not obviously improved. The deformation of the roadway is effectively controlled through reinforced support and collaborative management.

The invention relates to a diamond impregnated segment with one to five tooth cavities, comprising one to five cutting elements and a segment body. The cutting elements are inserted into the tooth cavities arranged in one side of the segment body. The tooth cavities are as many as the cutting elements. The tooth cavities are in one or multiple of shapes, such as cylinder, sector column, wedge, hexahedron, elliptic cylinder and prism; the cutting elements matching with the tooth cavities are also in one or multiple of the shapes, such as cylinder, sector column, wedge, hexahedron, elliptic cylinder and prism. The diamond impregnated segment is applied to the center of a diamond impregnated bit, is low in linear speed and generates little heat; the cutting elements can run normally; the cutting elements coordinate with the diamond impregnated segment, allowing double safety, coring of the diamond impregnated bit is well prevented, and drilling footage can be increased. The diamond impregnated segment is suitable for petroleum and geological drill bits.

The invention provides a cutting depth self-adjusting mechanism and a drill bit, and belongs to the field of oil exploitation. The cutting depth self-adjusting mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, aball head tooth, a throttle damping valve and a hydraulic reset assembly, wherein the ball head tooth is movably installed at one end of the outer cylinder and can retract in or extend out of the outer cylinder; the throttle damping valve is installed in the outer cylinder, and divides an inner cavity of the outer cylinder into a first hydraulic cavity and a second hydraulic cavity, wherein the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity are filled with hydraulic fluid; and the hydraulic reset assembly is movably installed at the other end of the outer cylinder and can move under the driving of the hydraulic fluid in the second hydraulic cavity. Through the double damping function of the throttle damping valve and the hydraulic reset assembly, the impact on the bit by the rockis reduced, cutting teeth of the bit are further protected, the bit footage is increased, and the bit service time is prolonged.

The invention discloses a combined metallurgical furnace taphole drill bit and a tooth fixing process thereof. The drill bit comprises a drill bit body, wherein four windmill-shaped alloy bases are arranged at the four corners of the side wall of the drill bit body, a blind hole is arranged at the top center of each alloy base, and cylindrical tooth alloy is welded in the blind holes ;an alloy groove is formed in the top surface of the drill bit body, and sheet alloy is welded in the alloy groove; the center of the end face of the drill bit body is provided with a positioning block, and the positioning block is provided with a ventilation hole overlapped with the central axis of the drill bit body. According to the drill bit, a punching mode crushing is combined with a shearing mode crushing, so that accurate positioning can be realized, steped grading drilling footage can be carried out, deviation and displacement of the drill bit in the tapping process can be prevented, impact force and crushing tasks can be decomposed on each grain of columnar tooth alloy and sheet alloy, and the utilization rate of alloy on the drill bit and the service life of the drill bit are improved; copper alloy solder is adopted to weld the column tooth alloy in the blind holes, so that the column tooth alloy is not easy to fall off and has high temperature resistance and certain toughness.

The invention relates to a steel body type diamond-impregnated bit, and belongs to the field of boring tools. The steel body type diamond-impregnated bit is composed of an impregnated body, a bit body and a joint, wherein the bit body is a steel body type bit body; a blade, a nozzle and a flow channel are processed on the steel body type bit body, and the impregnated body is arranged on the blade and exposed; the steel body type diamond-impregnated bit is characterized in that the impregnated body and a cutting material have dual rock breaking functions of shearing fracture and plough cutting; the whole intensity of the steel body type bit body is high, the steel body type bit body is beneficial to developing the large-size steel body type diamond-impregnated bit, designing a long blade and a deep chip groove and increasing the height of the impregnated body; the wearability of the steel body type bit body is poor, the impregnated body is easy to expose, the mechanical drilling speed and drilling footage are increased, the cost of the steel body type bit body is lower than that of a fetal body, and the bit cost is greatly reduced; the impregnated body is manufactured through a hot pressing agglomeration technology, the quality is better, the drilling footage is improved, and the cost is reduced through serialization; and an impregnated body and steel body type bit body fission type structure is beneficial to form an industry group and accelerating research and development and the updating speed.