Pulse tube refrigerator with low-temperature cavity structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulse tube refrigerator with a low-temperature cavity structure, comprising a pulse tube refrigerator cold finger, an annular driving mechanism, a vibration reduction and phase modulation mechanism, a low-temperature cavity, and a data acquisition and control mechanism. The low-temperature cavity is connected with a hot end of the pulse tube refrigerator cold finger and located in a low-temperature environment; the low-temperature cavity, a linear low-temperature inertia tube and a pulse tube cold finger are coaxially arranged; a middle hole is formed in an annular piston in the axis direction; the linear low-temperature inertia tube is connected with a pulse tube and an air reservoir through the middle hole; a small hole valve is located in the linear inertia tube; and the data acquisition and control mechanism measures and acquires the phase of the annular piston and controls the vibration reduction and phase modulation piston to move. The phase difference between a pressure wave and mass flow in the refrigerator can be accurately adjusted by changing the length and diameter of the low-temperature linear inertia tube or the diameter of a small hole, the refrigerating capacity and the refrigerating efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator are optimized, and high-efficiency refrigeration in a deep low-temperature area can be achieved through a single-stage pulse tube.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of small low-temperature refrigerators, and in particular relates to a pulse tube refrigerator with a low-temperature chamber structure. Background technique [0002] Cryogenic refrigerators are widely used in deep space exploration, superconducting technology and other fields. Pulse tube refrigerators are an important branch of cryogenic refrigerators and have important academic research and application value. [0003] There are no moving parts at the cold end of the pulse tube refrigerator, and the relationship between the mass flow and the pressure wave in the refrigerator needs to be adjusted by a phase modulation mechanism. According to the enthalpy flow phase modulation theory, when the mass flow in the middle of the regenerator of the pulse tube refrigerator is in the same phase as the pressure wave, the efficiency of the refrigerator is the highest. The characteristics of the phase modulation mechanism determ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Inertia tube-gas storage type and small hole-gas storage type phasing mechanisms are widely used in pulse tube refrigerators. Inertia tube-gas storage type phasing mechanisms use the inertia of gas oscillation to perform phase modulation, but deep cryogenic pulse tube refrigerators When the inertial tube at normal temperature is used to adjust the phase, the performance is poor and the acoustic work at the inlet of the inertial tube is required to be large, resulting in a decrease in the cooling efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator. Pressure waves, resulting in large losses in the regenerator and low cooling efficiency

Images