Low-temperature turbine refrigerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature turbine refrigerator, comprising an expansion turbine, an annular cold return heat exchanger and a cold-end heat exchanger, which are arranged in a vacuum Dewar. A high-pressure air normal-temperature air inlet pipe is sequentially connected with the annular cold return heat exchanger, a high-pressure low-temperature connecting pipe, a volute nozzle, the expansion turbine, the cold end heat exchanger and a low-pressure low-temperature connecting pipe in a sealed manner through the exterior of the vacuum Dewar. A low-temperature cold source is providedfor low-temperature cold equipment through isobaric backheating, isentropic expansion and isobaric heat absorption processes of a gas working medium, a high-speed turbine is adopted as a power outputdevice of the refrigerator to generate low-temperature cold energy, and an annular cold return heat exchanger is adopted to surround a turbine main machine to improve the utilization rate of the internal space of the refrigerator; the turbine and the heat exchanger are sealed through the vacuum Dewar for low-temperature heat leakage protection; a brake motor arranged outside the Dewar is used forconsuming a shaft to balance the rotating speed of the turbine; the coupling mode of the cold-end heat exchanger and the cold using equipment is flexible; and the advantages of being wide in refrigeration temperature area, free of vibration, large in unit mass refrigerating capacity, free of maintenance, long in service life and the like are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerators, in particular to a low-temperature turbo refrigerator. Background technique [0002] Cryogenic refrigerators are machines for obtaining and maintaining low temperatures. Due to their simplicity, convenience and flexibility, they have been valued and developed, which saves the trouble of storage, transportation and filling of cryogenic liquids. , cryogenic vacuum pumps and other fields are widely used. [0003] According to its cycle principle, cryogenic refrigerators can be mainly divided into two categories: regenerative heat recovery cryogenic refrigerators and partition wall heat recovery cryogenic refrigerators. Among them, the regenerative regenerative cryogenic refrigerator relies on the finite thermal interaction between the compressible fluid working fluid periodic oscillation and the solid packing of the regenerator to pump heat from the low temperature end, and its main character...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, the irreversible loss of throttling refrigeration is relatively large, and the refrigeration process has strict requirements on the conversion temperature of the gas working medium. The Kraut cycle or Collins system is complex and mostly used in large-scale low-temperature systems, while the traditional reverse Brayton cycle is not highly integrated. In the field of cryogenic refrigerators in the temperature range of liquid nitrogen, liquid hydrogen, and liquid helium, the application limitations are relatively large

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