A demonstration device and demonstration method for verifying Heisenberg's uncertainty principle

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental teaching demonstration device for verifying Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, which comprises a laser, an arbitrary beam splitting ratio M-Z interferometer and a data acquisition system. The laser emits monochromatic, frequency-stabilized incident laser light, which passes through an arbitrary beam splitting ratio M‑Z interferometer composed of a mirror, a half-wave plate, a polarization beam splitter, a phase modulator, a first signal generator, and a beam combiner. The relevant data is analyzed and processed by an acquisition system consisting of a balanced zero-beat detector, a multiplier, a second signal generator, a low-pass filter and an oscilloscope. Based on the above device, the present invention also proposes an experimental teaching demonstration method for verifying Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. The intensity detection of the M‑Z interferometer validates the uncertainty principle between particle number and phase. The device and method of the invention are convenient to use, and the experimental effect is intuitive, which provides the possibility for the popularization of quantum measurement technology.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of optics and measurement, in particular to an experimental teaching demonstration device and method for verifying the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Background technique [0002] In college physics teaching, the knowledge points of quantum mechanics are abstract and difficult to understand. Among them, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is the basis of quantum mechanics, which is used to describe that microscopic particles cannot have definite space-time position and momentum at the same time in the process of motion. This contradicts the cognition in classical physics that dynamic variables such as position and momentum of objects can be obtained arbitrarily and precisely. At the same time, the uncertainty principle is not easy to observe in real life, and related experimental teaching devices are lacking in experimental teaching, etc., which make quantum mechanics obscure and difficult to understand...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, the traditional Heisenberg uncertainty principle verification experiments are all realized through electron diffraction experiments. The experimental equipment is complex, expensive, and the operation and debugging are very complicated. It is not suitable for university physics experiments.

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