Biological control method for orchard ecology

A control method and orchard technology, applied in the fields of botanical equipment and methods, horticulture, application, etc., can solve the problems of poor stability of insect community structure, influence on biodiversity, pesticide residues, etc., achieve a significant sustainable control effect, increase biological The effect of diversity and protection of ecological balance

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-06-29
BEIJING ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY SCIENCES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] The long growth cycle of fruit trees, single planting, and the cultivation and management of clear tillage orchards affect biodiversity and are not conducive to the protection of natural enemy insects, resulting in poor stability of the insect community structure in the orchard ecosystem, and the variety and quantity of insects. The prevention and control of beneficial insects and the utilization of natural enemies have brought great difficulties
In the process of orchard ecological protection, most pests are treated by spraying chemical pesticides and other biological agents. Although they can effectively control them, they lead to pesticide residues in fruits, and at the same time, the number of beneficial insects in the orchard is also greatly reduced. However, the resistance to drugs has gradually increased, forming a vicious circle

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0016] A systematic investigation and research on the dynamics of pest-natural enemy populations was carried out in peach orchards with three different management methods: retaining natural grass, weeding bare land and conventional chemical control. Three peach orchards with different management methods were selected for investigation in Shandongzhuang, Pinggu County, Beijing. From June 13, 2003 to September 12, 2003. See the table below for details:

[0017] Type Chemical control Other control

(times / year) measures

Cutting times Weeding times Irrigation Fertilization types

(times / year) (times / year) (times / year)

Grass area 4 release natural enemies

Naked Area 4 Unleash Predators

Chemical Control Area 8 None

3 2 2 Organic fertilizer

3 times 2 chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers

None Many times 0 Chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers

[0018] Note: The soil, altitude, tree age, peach tree density, and climate of...

Embodiment 2

[0032] The apple leaf tortrix is ​​the main pest on fruit trees. The larvae spin silk to attach leaves, feed on mesophyll, flower buds, and gnaw on the peel and pulp, seriously affecting the yield and quality of apples. Although spraying chemical pesticides at the larval stage has certain effects, it is easy to pollute the environment, resulting in pesticide residues in the fruit, killing natural enemies in the orchard, and causing rampant damage to other pests.

[0033] Release Trichogramma pine caterpillars and Trichogramma japonica in the orchard to control the small apple leaf tortrix. The bees are released for the first time at the early stage of the pest's oviposition, and the bees are released 4 times per generation, with an interval of 3-4 days. The first generation releases 1,000 bees per plant, and the second and third generations release 600-800 bees per plant. The control results showed that the two species of Trichogramma had high parasitic ability to the apple le...

Embodiment 3

[0035] The key to the prevention and control of litchi orchards is to determine the period of bee release according to the forecast of occurrence of litchi bugs and the local weather forecast. In the Guangzhou area, the overwintering littermates were regularly dissected from late February to observe the progress of egg development in the adults, and predict the date of laying eggs in combination with meteorological factors. At the same time, the development of the flat-bellied wasp is controlled so that it can be released in time. According to experience, in the Yulin area of ​​Guangdong Province, litter bugs generally start to lay eggs in mid-March, and around March 25 is the best time for release.

[0036] The amount of bees released: depends on whether there are miscellaneous trees in the garden, the size of the litchi crown and the number of litchi bugs. According to experience over the years, litchi trees are medium-sized, with an average of 200 adult litchi bugs per pla...

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PUM

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Abstract

Disclosed is the biological control method for orchard ecology, which integrates the techniques of utilizing natural enemy insects and biological pesticides, the insect hazard to the plants in the orchard can be controlled, the application of pesticide can be reduced substantially, the ecological environmental contamination to the orchard can be minimized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ecological biological control method, in particular to an ecological biological control method for orchards. Background technique [0002] The long growth cycle of fruit trees, single planting, and the cultivation and management of clear tillage orchards affect biodiversity and are not conducive to the protection of natural enemy insects, resulting in poor stability of the insect community structure in the orchard ecosystem, and the variety and quantity of insects are varied. The prevention and control of beneficial insects and the utilization of natural enemies have brought great difficulties. In the process of orchard ecological protection, most pests are treated by spraying chemical pesticides and other biological agents. Although they can effectively control them, they lead to pesticide residues in fruits, and at the same time, the number of beneficial insects in the orchard is also greatly reduced. However, the drug re...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G13/00
Inventor 张帆虞国跃贾春虹
Owner BEIJING ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY SCIENCES
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