Method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by aid of crop straws

A technology for crop straws and soil-borne diseases is applied in the field of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables, which can solve the problems of large differences in soil environment in the field, and achieve the effects of reducing the pressure of environmental pollution, cheap and easy to obtain sources, and simple operation methods.

Active Publication Date: 2014-01-01
JIANGSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
View PDF5 Cites 14 Cited by
  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] There are many reports at home and abroad about the growth inhibition and even killing effects of straw decomposition products on various soil-borne pathogens. It is believed that organic acids and phenols produced by straw degradation Allelochemicals such as acids will directly kill or inhibit pathogenic bacteria; at the same time, other decomposition products of straw can also provide rich nutrient sources for soil microorganisms (especially bacteria) that are not sensitive to allelochemicals, significantly increasing the number and diversity of soil microorganisms Enhance soil bioactivity, improve nutrient utilization, promote crop growth and enhance disease resistance, but these reports are under indoor

Method used

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
View more

Image

Smart Image Click on the blue labels to locate them in the text.
Viewing Examples
Smart Image
  • Method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by aid of crop straws
  • Method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by aid of crop straws
  • Method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by aid of crop straws

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] Effects of Rice Straw Flooding on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

[0026] The test soil was taken from the hot pepper production greenhouse in Gaogou Town, Huaian, and the rice straw was taken from the rice field of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The pathogen was Phytophthora capsici ( Phytophthora capsici ), which can be obtained from the Agricultural Microorganism Culture Collection Center of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The pepper variety tested was Luojiao No. 5. The spore liquid of Phytophthora capsici was evenly added to the test soil, so that the concentration of Phytophthora spores in the soil was 200 Phytophthora spores / gram of dry soil. Three treatments were set up in the experiment: (1) Control (CK): After the soil was inoculated with Phytophthora capsici, the soil moisture content was kept at 16-18%, and it was placed naturally. (2) Conventional flooding (flooding, F): the soil is inoculated with Phytophthora capsici a...

Embodiment 2

[0033] Example 2 Effect of rice straw flooding on soil cellulase activity

[0034] Collect the soil after flooding and drying in Example 1, and measure the activity of soil cellulase.

[0035] It can be seen from Table 1 that the soil cellulase activity of rice straw flooded soil was higher than that of the control and conventional flooded. Soil enzyme activity is an important indicator of soil biological properties. Generally, healthy soil has higher soil cellulase activity. In addition, the main component of the cell wall of Phytophthora capsici is cellulose, and the increase of cellulase activity in the soil can inhibit the growth of Phytophthora capsici or degrade the pathogen, reducing the probability of occurrence of Phytophthora capsici.

[0036] Table 1 Effect of rice straw flooding on soil cellulase activity

[0037] control regular flooding Rice straw flooded cellulase activity 0.14±0.01 0.16±0.02 0.31±0.02

[0038] Note: The uni...

Embodiment 3

[0039] Embodiment 3: Inhibitory effect of rice straw flooding on the growth of Phytophthora capsici in soil

[0040] The amount of Phytophthora capsici in each treatment was determined by quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) method on the soil treated by flooding in Example 1. Determination method of Phytophthora capsici: the kit used for soil DNA extraction was FastDNA SPIN Kit for Soil produced by MP Company, and the soil DNA was extracted according to the instructions. The specific primers are CAPFW (5'-TTTAGTTGGGGGTCTTGTACC-3') and CAPRV1 (5'-CCTCCACAACCAGCAACA-3'), and the target fragment size is about 450bp. The RT-PCR reaction kit used TaKaRa's SYBR premix Ex Taq. Fluorescent quantitative PCR amplification system: 2×SYBR PreMix Ex Taq (TaKaRa) 10 μL, 50×ROX Reference DyeⅡ(TaKaRa) 0.4 μL, 20 μmol / L primers 0.4 μL, template 2 μL, ddH2O 6.8 μL, amplification system 20 μL . The reaction program was: 95°C for 30 s, 1 cycle; 95°C for 5 s, 60°C for 34 s, 40 cycles. Fluorescence qua...

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

PUM

No PUM Login to view more

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by the aid of crop straws. The method is characterized in that soil is flooded after the crop straws are applied to fields. The method particularly includes steps of thoroughly removing preceding crop residues in field parcels at the soil temperature higher than 20 DEG C; encircling the peripheries of the field parcels by soil to form soil ridges with the heights of about 20 centimeters; uniformly broadcasting the smashed crop straws with the lengths ranging from 10 centimeters to 15 centimeters into the fields; plowing soil by the depth ranging from 18 centimeters to 20 centimeters; flooding the field parcels by irrigation water for 5 days; keeping the depths the water above the surfaces of soil layers of the fields larger than 5 centimeters in flooding periods; performing rotary tillage on the soil by the depth ranging from 18 centimeters to 20 centimeters after the 5 days; flooding the field parcels for 15 days; stopping flooding the field parcels when oxidation reduction potential of the soil of the fields is reduced and ranges from 0mv to 40mv; naturally drying the soil and then applying fertilizers to the soil; performing rotary tillage on the soil and then planting crops in the soil. The applied fertilizers include 30 to 40 kilograms of urea and 20 to 30 kilograms of potassium phosphate fertilizers.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables by using crop stalks. Specifically, the crop stalks are properly crushed and evenly spread to the field, the soil is plowed and flooded for a certain period of time, and then the water is drained, and the soil is natural. Planting vegetables after drying can achieve the effect of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of vegetables. The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive prevention and control of vegetable diseases by using agricultural waste. Background technique [0002] my country is a large agricultural country with large output, wide distribution and variety of crop straw, which has been a valuable resource for farmers' life and agricultural development for a long time. In recent years, with the rapid development of crop breeding technology, the continuous updating of high-yield crop varieties and the continuous improvement of a...

Claims

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to view more

Application Information

Patent Timeline
no application Login to view more
IPC IPC(8): A01B79/02
Inventor 马艳王光飞顾志光徐跃定张建英
Owner JIANGSU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Who we serve
  • R&D Engineer
  • R&D Manager
  • IP Professional
Why Eureka
  • Industry Leading Data Capabilities
  • Powerful AI technology
  • Patent DNA Extraction
Social media
Try Eureka
PatSnap group products

Browse by: Latest US Patents, China's latest patents, Technical Efficacy Thesaurus, Application Domain, Technology Topic.

© 2024 PatSnap. All rights reserved.Legal|Privacy policy|Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement|Sitemap