Alpha-amylase mutants

a technology of alpha-amylase and mutants, which is applied in the field of alpha-amylase mutants, can solve the problems of difficult to obtain .alpha-amylase crystals suitable for solving structure problems, and it is difficult to determine the three-dimensional structure of all alpha-amylases, so as to improve specific activity, increase stability, and improve stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-09-11
NOVOZYMES AS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

While the amino acid sequence and thus primary structure of a large number of .alpha.-amylases are known, it has proved very difficult to determine the three-dimensional structure of all .alpha.-amylases.
The three-dimensional structure can be determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis of .alpha.-amylase crystals, but it has proven difficult to obtain .alpha.-amylase crystals suitable for actually solving the structure.

Method used

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  • Alpha-amylase mutants
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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0480] Example on Homology Building of TERM

[0481] The overall homology of the B. licheniformis .alpha.-amylase (in the following referred to as TERM) to other Termamyl-like .alpha.-amylases is high and the percent similarity is extremely high. The similarity calculated for TERM to BSG (the B. stearothermophilus .alpha.-amylase with SEQ ID NO: 6), and BAN (the B. amyloliquefaciens .alpha.-amylase with SEQ ID NO: 4) using the University of Wisconsin Genetics Computer Group's program GCG gave 89% and 78%, respectively. TERM has a deletion of 2 residues between residue G180 and K181 compared to BAN and BSG. BSG has a deletion of 3 residues between G371 and I372 in comparison with BAN and TERM. Further BSG has a C-terminal extension of more than 20 residues compared to BAN and TERM. BAN has 2 residues less and TERM has one residue less in the N-terminal compared to BSG.

[0482] The structure of the B. licheniformis (TERM) and of the B. amyloliquefaciens .alpha.-amylase (BAN), respectively,...

example 2

[0485] Determination of Residues within 10 .ANG. from the Ions Present in the Solved Structure

[0486] The coordinates of Appendix 1 are read into the INSIGHT program provided by BIOSYM technologies. The spatial coordinates are presented showing the bonds between the atoms. The ions are presented as well as the water atoms. The program package part of creating subset are used to create a 10 .ANG. subset around the Calcium and the Sodium ions in the structure using the command ZONE. All residues having an atom within the 1 .ANG. are compiled and written out by the LIST MOLECULE command. By giving the ions the name ium in the coordinate file a 10 .ANG. sphere around all atoms called ium is compiled. The specific residues identified in this manner are given further above in the section entitled "Ca.sup.2+ dependency".

example 3

[0487] Determination of Cavities in the Solved Structure (Appendix 1)

[0488] The solved structure exhibits many internal holes and cavities. When analysing for such cavities the Connolly program is normally used (Lee, B. and Richards, F. M. (1971) J. Mol. Biol. 55,p. 379-400). The program uses a probe with radius to search the external and internal surface of the protein. The smallest hole observable in this way has the probe radius.

[0489] To analyse the solved structure a modified version of the Connolly program included in the program of INSIGHT were used. First the water molecules and the ions were removed by unmerging these atoms from the solved structure. By using the command MOLECULE SURFACE SOLVENT the solvent accessible surface area were calculated for all atoms and residues using a probe radius of 1.4 .ANG., and displayed on the graphics screen together with the model of the solved structure. The internal cavities where then seen as dot surfaces with no connections to extern...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a variant of a parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase, which variant has alpha-amylase activity and at least one altered property as compared to the parent alpha-amylase, comprises i) analysing the structure of the parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase to identify at least one amino acid residue or at least one structural part of the Termamyl-like alpha-amylase structure, which amino acid residue or structural part is believed to be of relevance for altering the property of the parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase (as evaluated on the basis of structural or functional considerations), ii) constructing a Termamyl-like alpha-amylase variant, which as compared to the parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase, has been modified in the amino acid residue or structural part identified in i) so as to alter the property, and, optionally, iii) testing the resulting Termamyl-like alpha-amylase variant with respect to the property in question.

Description

[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 636,252, filed on Aug. 10, 2000, which is a continuation of 09 / 327,563, filed on Jun. 8, 1999, which is continuation of Ser. No. 08 / 683,838, filed on Jul. 18,1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,022,724, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08 / 600,908, filed on Feb. 13, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,989,169, which is a 371 of PCT / DK96 / 00057, filed on Feb. 5, 1996, and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119 of Danish applications 0128 / 95, filed on Feb. 3, 1995, 1192 / 95, filed on Oct. 23, 1995, and 1256 / 95, filed on Nov. 10, 1995, the contents of which are fully incorporated herein by reference.[0002] The present invention relates to a novel method of designing .alpha.-amylase mutants with predetermined properties, which method is based on the hitherto unknown three-dimensional structure of bacterial .alpha.-amylases.[0003] .alpha.-Amylases (.alpha.-1,4 glucan-4-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) constitute a group of enzymes w...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C11D3/386C12N9/28
CPCC12N9/2417C11D3/386
Inventor SVENDSEN, ALLANBISGARD-FRANTZEN, HENRIKBORCHERT, TORBEN VEDEL
Owner NOVOZYMES AS
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