53 results about "Amylosucrase activity" patented technology

Described herein are genetically engineered enzymes having amylase enzyme activity, compositions comprising the enzymes, and methods of making and using the enzymes. The genetically engineered amylase enzymes are useful in many different applications such as laundry detergents, dish washing detergents, and cleaning products for homes, industry, vehicle care, baking, animal feed, pulp and paper processing, starch processing, brewing, and ethanol production.

The invention discloses an application of astaxanthin in preparation of a regulator for improving the gentisic acid level. On the basis of non-targeted metabonomics analysis, it is found for the first time that in the SAP pathogenesis process, the level of a flora metabolite, namely gentisic acid (GA), in intestinal contents is remarkably reduced, and in-vivo gentisic acid level can be remarkably callback through astaxanthin intervention. Further research proves that exogenous supplement of gentisic acid can effectively simulate the protection effect of astaxanthin, including improvement of pancreatic tissue pathological damage, reduction of serum lipase and amylase activity, and inhibition of systemic inflammatory response (down-regulation of IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha and up-regulation of IL-10). The invention not only discloses a new mechanism that astaxanthin plays a therapeutic role through an'intestinal flora-metabolite 'axis, but also determines that gentisic acid is used as a novel drug target for treating SAP, and constructs a new method for screening drugs for treating SAP according to the novel drug target.

The present application relates to a kind of metal-organic framework mediated multi-enzyme nanoparticles and its application, especially the method for alpha-amylase detection. By detecting product absorbance, the quantitative detection of alpha-amylase activity is realized. According to the nature of MFM analog enzyme and its ability as natural enzyme carrier, Agl@MFM@Gox@MFM is prepared, compared with natural enzyme, the composite material has strong resistance, can successfully protect the activity of enzyme. Based on the cascade catalytic system of multi-enzyme nanoparticles Agl@MFM@Gox@MFM, a biosensor is first synthesized and established for detecting alpha-amylase, successfully combines chemical catalyst with natural enzyme, has wide detection linear range (5-500 U / L) while has excellent specificity to alpha-amylase. Benefited from the advantages of low cost, easy preparation and excellent stability, the colorimetric sensor has been successfully used to determine the activity of alpha-amylase in koji.

The invention discloses a graded preparation method of rice flour capable of promoting nutrient absorption based on digestive function development of infants. According to the invention, high-liquification and high-saccharification type, medium-liquification and high-saccharification type and low-liquification and medium-saccharification type enzymolysis rice flour is simulated and optimized by adopting models with different gastric acid pH values, digestive enzyme systems and gastrointestinal motility rules for the first time. According to the method, three parameters, namely different rice flour raw materials, gelatinization and composite enzymolysis parameters and different granularities, are combined and regulated, so that a rice flour product which is highly matched with gastric acid environments, amylase activity and intestinal tolerance in different developmental stages of infants is constructed. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the absorption efficiency and the energy utilization effect of carbohydrates in the body of the infant are remarkably improved, the digestive dynamic characteristics of the infant are scientifically adapted, the digestion problem caused by mismatching of starch composition and intestinal functions is effectively avoided, the risks of abdominal distension, diarrhea and constipation are remarkably reduced, and efficient utilization and healthy metabolism of nutrients are guaranteed.

The invention discloses a functional solid beverage capable of reducing fat, losing weight and conditioning five highs. According to the functional solid beverage, dietary fibers such as fructo-oligosaccharide, inulin and the like are used for regulating intestinal flora, a white kidney bean extract is used for inhibiting the activity of alpha-amylase, L-carnitine is used for promoting fat transport, and medicinal and edible components such as ginseng, lotus leaves and the like are matched to realize multi-way metabolism regulation. The weight percentage of each component can be adjusted within a specified range so as to adapt to different physique requirements. Animal experiments prove that the total cholesterol (TC) of serum can be obviously reduced by 21.3-25.8% and the triglyceride (TG) can be obviously reduced by 28.9-34.2% after the traditional Chinese medicine is continuously taken for 4 weeks, and meanwhile, the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) can be improved to 16.5-20.3%.

The invention discloses a real-time detection method for bulbus fritillariae propagating activity, and relates to the field of seedling detection, and the method comprises the following steps: step 1, seed stratification pretreatment: mixing bulbus fritillariae seeds and fine sand according to a ratio of 1: 3 for stratification, and maintaining the humidity of a substrate to be 50-60%; 2, dynamically monitoring enzyme activity, namely grinding the sample prepared in the step 1, sampling and detecting the seeds every 10 days, extracting enzyme liquid, and respectively measuring the activity of catalase, peroxidase and amylase in real time by adopting an ultraviolet spectrophotometric method; a full-cycle real-time data flow is constructed, a continuous dynamic process of activity change is captured, then a machine learning model is used for fusion analysis and prediction of seed propagation potential, activity evaluation is converted into a quantifiable propagation activity index, a clear judgment threshold value is set, and the machine learning model is trained on the basis of a large amount of data, so that the propagation activity of seeds is improved. And the accuracy and efficiency of high-quality seed source screening are improved.

The invention relates to the field of protein, in particular to a milk-derived peptide APPSPIGVF with antihypertensive activity as well as a preparation method and application of the milk-derived peptide APPSPIGVF, and the amino acid sequence of the milk-derived peptide APPSPIGVF is Ala-Pro-Pro-Ser-Pro-Ile-Gly-Val-Phe. An angiotensin converting enzyme activity inhibition experiment, an alpha-amylase activity inhibition experiment and a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity inhibition experiment prove that the milk-derived peptide APPSPIGVF has very good functions of resisting hypertension and reducing blood sugar. The milk-derived peptide APPSPIGVF disclosed by the invention has an anti-hypertension capability, and can be used for remarkably inhibiting the activity of alpha-amylase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4, improving the capability of resisting chronic diseases such as hypertension and hyperglycemia of an organism, reducing the morbidity of the organism and improving the quality of life; the method has very important significance for developing food, health care products and medicines with the functions of resisting hypertension and reducing blood sugar.

The invention discloses a Chinese yam cake with a compound sour system for synergistically activating salivary amylase and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese yam cake comprises the following raw materials: Chinese yam, konjaku flour or oligosaccharide, a sweetening agent, a gelling agent, malic acid, citric acid, hawthorn, dark plum and water. The main structure matrix is jointly constructed by Chinese yam powder, konjaku flour / oligosaccharide and gels to form a cake body base; a composite sour system is uniformly distributed in a gel network, a complementary system is formed through superposition of various organic acids, and the composite sour system has good buffer capacity, can maintain weak acidic pH in the oral cavity and activate the activity of alpha-amylase without inhibition, and is different from the problem that a single acid system is prone to'excessive acid 'enzyme inhibition; and an optimal reaction microenvironment is provided for salivary enzyme activity, and multi-level taste experience is also provided. The gel characteristics of Chinese yam mucoprotein and oligosaccharide are fused to form a sour slow-release matrix, so that sour release presents a dynamic curve of front fast-middle stable-rear slow, the flavor release time is prolonged, and the continuous perception of the oral cavity is enhanced. The enzymatic reaction in the oral cavity is prolonged.

This invention relates to a Bacillus velezensis strain and mutants thereof with surprisingly advantageous properties for a beneficial cleaning effect. These Bacillus strains are particularly good enzyme producers with high protease activity, in particular protease activity and cellulase activity, preferably protease, cellulase, and amylase activity. The protease activity is in particular secreted protease activity. The invention further relates to preparations of these Bacillus strains, a cleaning formulation (F) comprising the Bacillus strains according to the invention, a method for cleaning an object (O) or the human or animal body (B) as well as the use of the cleaning formulation (F) in cleaning an object (O) or the human or animal body (B). It further relates to a feed or food (E) comprising the Bacillus strains according to the invention and a method of feeding an animal.

The application provides a composition for improving intestinal digestive enzyme activity and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of animal medicine. The composition is composed of double-kidney polysaccharide, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rg1. In the composition, the mass ratio of the double-kidney polysaccharide, the ginsenoside Rb1 and the ginsenoside Rg1 is 90:5:5 or 95:2.5:2.5, preferably 90:5:5, and the intestinal digestive enzyme is specifically duodenal trypsin and amylase. Experimental results show that the composition can significantly synergistically improve the activities of the duodenal trypsin and amylase of laying hens, improve the feed utilization rate, thereby improve the egg production rate, improve the egg weight and the eggshell strength, and effectively improve the breeding benefit of the laying hens.

This solution discloses a high-temperature fermentation strain for Maotai-flavor baijiu brewing and its application in the field of functional microbial technology. The strain was isolated from mature Maotai-flavor baijiu mother koji and identified as *Bacillus cereus* XJ143 by 16S rRNA sequencing, possessing high cellulase activity. This strain is heat-resistant and suitable for the Maotai-flavor step-by-step koji-making process, solving industry problems such as insufficient decomposition of raw materials in traditional koji, insufficient pyrazine roasting aroma, and large batch-to-batch quality fluctuations in naturally produced koji. It can directly prepare liquid seed culture or solid inoculum for mother koji expansion, high-temperature koji, and mash fermentation, exhibiting strong adaptability for industrial production. *Cropensis ivory* XJ112 possesses high protease and amylase activity. The combination of *Bacillus cereus* XJ143 and *Cropensis ivory* XJ112 combines the secretion abilities of protease, amylase, and cellulose, efficiently breaking down wheat cell walls and simultaneously decomposing raw starch and protein.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a bifidobacterium longum subsp. Longum FMBL B241768LS, a microbial inoculum and application of the microbial inoculum in hypoglycemic products, the bifidobacterium longum subsp. Longum FMBL B241768LS is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection on October 14, 2024, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M 20242173; the inhibitory activity of the compound on dipeptidyl peptidase IV is as high as 79.17%; the compound has a relatively good inhibition effect on the activity of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase; the compound shows drug resistance to ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, penicillin G, clindamycin, kanamycin and polymyxin B; a good inhibition effect is achieved on pathogenic bacteria; the strain can be used for preparing medicines, fermented foods, health-care products and food additives for reducing blood sugar and inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, and has a wide application prospect.

Lateral flow devices (LFDs) and insoluble fluorescence (FAM)-labeled starch substrates, compositions comprising the same, and methods for use thereof in the measurement of alpha amylase activity in a sample.

The present invention relates to a Bacillus licheniformis host cell for increased production of secreted proteins. Specifically, the invention relates to a Bacillus licheniformis host with a genetic modification that leads to increased production of a heterologous, non-native, secreted enzyme. Specifically, the present invention relates to a Bacillus licheniformis host cell expressing a) a first polypeptide having peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (EC 5.2.1.8) activity, said first polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, or an amino acid sequence being a least 81% identical to SEQ ID NO: 1, and b) a second polypeptide having amylase activity, wherein said second polypeptide is heterologous to said Bacillus licheniformis host cell.

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having alpha-amylase activity, polypeptides comprising an alpha-amylase catalytic domain and a carbohydrate binding module, and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides, compositions comprising said polypeptides, as well as polynucleotides and nucleic acid constructs or vectors encoding the polypeptides, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides or constructs / vectors, as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

The invention discloses application of a medicago sativa MsBAM41 gene (SEQ.ID.NO.1) in improvement of saline-alkali resistance and low-temperature composite stress resistance of plants, and belongs to the technical field of plant genetic engineering. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is shown as SEQ. ID. NO.1 (the full length is 1722 bp). The amino acid sequence of the protein coded by the medicago sativa MsBAM41 gene is as shown in SEQ.ID.NO. 2. According to the invention, MsBAM41-RNAi alfalfa is created, and the MsBAM41 expression of the MsBAM41-RNAi alfalfa is obviously reduced. Under composite stress, compared with a wild type plant and a transgenic plant, the wilting damage is heavier, the beta-amylase activity and the soluble sugar content are remarkably reduced, the electrolyte permeability and the malondialdehyde content are remarkably improved, and the membrane damage is aggravated. It is proved that MsBAM41 is crucial to resistance to composite stress, a key gene is provided for creating stress-tolerant medicago sativa by means of a genetic engineering technology, and the application prospect is wide.

This invention relates to a Bacillus velezensis strain and mutants thereof with surprisingly advantageous properties for a beneficial cleaning effect. These Bacillus strains are particularly good enzyme producers with high protease activity, in particular protease activity and cellulase activity, preferably protease, cellulase, and amylase activity. The protease activity is in particular secreted protease activity. The invention further relates to preparations of these Bacillus strains, a cleaning formulation (F) comprising the Bacillus strains according to the invention, a method for cleaning an object (O) or the human or animal body (B) as well as the use of the cleaning formulation (F) in cleaning an object (O) or the human or animal body (B). It further relates to a feed or food (E) comprising the Bacillus strains according to the invention and a method of feeding an animal.

The application discloses application of calyculostero in preparation of blood sugar reducing drugs, and belongs to the technical field of pharmacological action of calyculostero. Experimental results show that the calyculostero can inhibit the activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase (IC50 is 4.34+ / -1.10 ug / mL) in a dose-dependent manner, reduce postprandial blood sugar, and improve sugar tolerance, reduce fasting blood sugar, improve total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and reduce histopathological changes of liver, pancreas and kidney in long-term intervention, and has no obvious hepatotoxicity. The calyculostero can be used alone or together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient to prepare a pharmaceutical composition, and is used for reducing blood sugar or treating diabetes, and the dosage form includes oral preparations, injections and the like. The application provides a new natural medicine selection for drug treatment of diabetes.

The invention provides a method for improving disease-resistant activity through gradient enzymolysis coupling fermentation, and belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation. The method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, multi-stage gradient enzymolysis, enzymolysis-fermentation coupling and product post-treatment. The core innovation is that the activity of cellulase, protease and amylase is sequentially activated by precisely regulating and controlling the temperature to be 45-60 DEG C and the gradient change of pH to be 5.5-7.0, and oriented full degradation of raw material macromolecules is achieved; after enzymolysis, directly inoculating lactic acid bacteria-saccharomycetes composite flora for coupled fermentation, and supplementing a nitrogen source in batches. According to the method, the problems of insufficient enzymolysis, low active substance yield and the like of a traditional segmented process are solved, the active substance yield is increased to 2.1-2.4 times of that of the traditional process, the diameter of a pathogenic bacterium inhibition zone of the product reaches 24.8-26.3 mm, and the process is green and efficient, is suitable for industrial production and has a wide application prospect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a bifidobacterium longum subsp. Longum FMBL B241770LS, a microbial inoculum and application of the microbial inoculum in hypoglycemic products, the bifidobacterium longum subsp. Longum FMBL B241770LS is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection on September 14, 2024, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M 20241993; the inhibitory activity of the compound on dipeptidyl peptidase IV is up to 84.99%; the compound has a relatively good inhibition effect on the activity of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase; the compound has a relatively strong capability of removing DPPH and ABTS free radicals; the lactobacillus plantarum has good carbohydrate utilization capacity, can be used for preparing antioxidant products, hypoglycemic drugs, fermented food, health care products, food additives and feeds, and has wide application prospects.

This invention relates to the field of plant growth regulation technology, specifically disclosing a cultivation method for promoting the germination of wild sea buckthorn seeds. The main inventive concept lies in the synergistic application of amino oligosaccharides (AS) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in promoting the germination and hypocotyl elongation of wild sea buckthorn seeds. Using AS alone (optimal concentration 0.12 mmol / L) or SNP alone (optimal concentration 0.09 mmol / L) can significantly improve the germination rate (GP) and germination index (GI) of sea buckthorn seeds, while simultaneously promoting hypocotyl elongation. Combining AS (0.12 mmol / L) and SNP (0.08 mmol / L) in a 1:1 ratio produces a synergistic effect, promoting the germination of wild sea buckthorn seeds, increasing seed α-amylase activity, and promoting hypocotyl elongation. This invention provides a low-cost, high-efficiency technical solution for efficient sea buckthorn seedling cultivation, applicable to ecological restoration and economic forest cultivation.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1, and belongs to the field of food biotechnology and natural polysaccharide development. A main chain in the molecular structural formula of the yacon polysaccharide YAPa-1 is formed by alternating galactose and mannose, and side chains are arabinose, glucose and rhamnose; the molar ratio of the galactose to the mannose to the glucose to the arabinose to the rhamnose is 1.00 to 0.82 to 0.25 to 0.11 to 0.25. The molecular weight of the smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1 is 10873 Da, the smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1 is of a triple helix structure, the microstructure of the smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1 is of a spongy porous network structure, and an alpha-glucosidase / alpha-amylase inhibition mechanism of the smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1 can According to the invention, the high-activity single yacon polysaccharide YAPa-1 is directionally obtained through cellulase-assisted hydrothermal extraction and a two-step column chromatography purification process. The smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1 can effectively inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase, the inhibition effect is close to that of a common hypoglycemic drug acarbose, and the smallanthus sonchifolius polysaccharide YAPa-1 is free of common side effects of synthetic drugs and can be applied to development of hypoglycemic products.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a multi-grain coarse grain pancake based on a complex microbial inoculant. According to the method, the fermentation process of the pancake is improved synergistically through complex microbial inoculant screening and experimental design optimization. Through synergistic interaction among the three dominant strains, a substrate can be decomposed more sufficiently, the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the production of flavor substances is improved. Meanwhile, the alpha-amylase activity and the sensory score of the pancake serve as double optimization indexes, key parameters are accurately regulated and controlled, and it is guaranteed that the fermentation efficiency and the final product quality are synchronously improved. A synergistic system of microbial agent screening and experimental design optimization is formed, the fermentation period is remarkably shortened, the sensory score is improved, a standardized production technology of the coarse cereal pancake is provided, and finally the high-quality pancake which is rich in nutrition, unique in flavor and excellent in quality is stably and efficiently produced. A scientific and reliable technical scheme is provided for standardized, industrialized and high-quality production of the multi-grain coarse grain pancakes, and the method has a good application prospect.

The present application relates to a kind of zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil emulsion starch enzyme activity detection method, which is by using centrifugal demulsification method combined with accurate chemical analysis method, the starch enzyme activity in zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil emulsion is quantitatively analyzed, specifically including the following steps: S1, instrument and reagent preparation;S2, solution preparation;S3, sample processing;S4, demulsification treatment and DNS method detects absorbance and calculates starch enzyme activity;The present application can accurately quantify the reducing sugar level in essential oil emulsion, the accuracy compared with direct detection method is significantly improved, and the method is suitable for the starch enzyme activity detection in other essential oil emulsion.

This invention belongs to the field of functional composition technology, and discloses a weight-loss and body-shaping composition, its preparation method, and its application. The composition, by mass percentage, comprises the following ingredients: 21-25% green coffee, 17-19% white kidney bean extract, 12-18% collagen peptides, 17-25% inactivated compound probiotic powder, and 23-25% mixed fruit and vegetable powder. Green coffee releases the active ingredient chlorogenic acid; white kidney bean extract inhibits α-amylase activity; collagen peptides are easily absorbed and stimulate satiety-related hormones; and the inactivated compound probiotic powder acts as a post-biotic, regulating the intestinal flora environment. This invention achieves its effects through the combined action of three pathways: enhancing satiety, reducing absorption, and regulating metabolism. It can prevent excessive calorie intake, reduce hunger, and simultaneously regulate metabolism. It also increases energy consumption and fat mobilization, provides defecation motivation, regulates intestinal flora balance, and is natural, gentle, and does not harm the human body.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to bacteroides fragilis FMBL Ba24006 DMX for metabolism of pectic polysaccharides and application, the bacteroides fragilis FMBL Ba24006 DMX is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection on January 20, 2026, the preservation number is CCTCC M 2026175, the bacteroides fragilis FMBL Ba24006 DMX has good pectin metabolism capacity, pectin can be effectively used as a carbon source to achieve rapid proliferation, and meanwhile, the bacteroides fragilis FMBL Ba24006 DMX can be used for metabolism of pectic polysaccharides. The bacterial strain has a good antibacterial effect on hemorrhagic Escherichia coli; the compound is sensitive and moderately sensitive to cefoxitin and rifampicin. The strain can produce a large amount of short-chain fatty acid when being used for fermenting pectin, and fermentation liquor taking the pectin as a carbon source has relatively strong scavenging capacity on DPPH and ABTS free radicals; a relatively good inhibition effect is achieved on the activity of alpha-amylase; the method can be used for preparing antioxidant products, fermented foods, health-care products, food additives and feeds, and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for improving activity of aspergillus oryzae amylase through CreA C terminal dephosphorylation mutation, and belongs to the technical field of enzyme engineering. According to the method, a CreA dephosphorylation mutant strain is constructed by performing site-specific mutagenesis on a C-terminal phosphorylation site coding gene of an aspergillus oryzae carbon metabolism inhibition core transcription factor CreA, so that a carbon metabolite repression effect is relieved, and the yield of amylase is increased. Specifically, four phosphorylation sites (S414, S415, T416 and S419) at the C tail end of the CreA protein are mutated into valine (V). When the mutant strain is used for fermentation, the expression of amylase can be remarkably improved. Experiments prove that the amylase activity of the mutant strain 4M can be 3 times that of a reference strain after the mutant strain is cultured for 6 days in a culture medium taking starch as a carbon source. The invention provides a new strain modification strategy for efficient production of amylase.

The present invention provides a detergent composition containing α-amylase that exhibits high specific activity at low temperatures. [Solution] A detergent composition containing one or more proteins selected from (A), (B), (C), and (D) below. (A) A protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence shown in Sequence ID No. 2, and which also has α-amylase activity. (B) A protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence shown in Sequence ID No. 4, and which also has α-amylase activity. (C) A protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence shown in Sequence ID No. 6, and which also has α-amylase activity. (D) A protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to the amino acid sequence shown in Sequence ID No. 8, and which also has α-amylase activity.

The invention discloses bacillus, a microbial inoculum and application of the microbial inoculum in fermentation of broccoli or broccoli rotten vegetable, and relates to the technical field of agricultural waste recycling. The bacillus sp. Is screened and separated from cow dung subjected to high-temperature composting, can grow under a high-temperature condition, and has remarkable protease and amylase activity and weak cellulase activity. After the broccoli rotten vegetable is cooperatively fermented by bacteria and enzymes, the nutritional value of the broccoli rotten vegetable is improved, and macromolecular proteins are effectively degraded into small-molecular-weight polypeptides and amino acids after fermentation. Therefore, the bacillus provided by the invention can be used for fermenting broccoli or broccoli rotten vegetables, and has a good application prospect in preparation of feed additives.

The application discloses a penicillium oxalicum engineering bacterium and a construction method thereof. Penicillium oxalicum The engineering bacterium is named penicillium oxalicum (QL-ACxrC-ACreA) and has a preservation number of CCTCC NO: M 2026896. The penicillium oxalicum engineering bacterium is obtained by knocking out transcriptional inhibitor CxrC and transcriptional factor CreA of carbon catabolite repression of filamentous fungi, so that when starch is used as the only carbon source for fermentation, the amylase activity and extracellular protein content generated by the penicillium oxalicum engineering bacterium are significantly improved; and the knocking out of the two factors synergistically improves the starting efficiency of the promoter Pamy15A.