The invention provides a sulfide solid electrolyte based on oxygen doping. The sulfide solid electrolyte is prepared from the chemical ingredients, in percentage by mass: 36-60% of lithium sulfide orlithium selenide, 18-48% of phosphorus pentasulfide or phosphorus selenide, 1-23% of metal oxide or specific nonmetallic oxide and 8-37% of lithium chloride, lithium bromide or lithium iodide. The preparation method of the sulfide solid electrolyte mainly comprises the steps that the raw materials are sufficiently blended and subjected to tabletting, then placed in a quartz tube to be burned and sealed, the product is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to be 400-600 DEG C at a slow heating rate, the optimal heating rate is 0.3 DEG C/minute, heat preservation is conducted for 12-48 hours, and then the product is cooled to reach the room temperature; and the product is ground to be powder, and the sulfide solid electrolyte based on oxygen doping is prepared. The sulfide solid electrolyteis easy to prepare and high in repeatability, the prepared solid electrolyte has the high ionic conductivity and good stability to the air and positive and negative electrodes.