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Metamaterials for controlling and guiding electromagnetic radiation and applications therefor

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-02-22
ELEFTHERIADES GEORGE V +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides advantages in that the metamaterial is capable of internal positive and negative wave refraction, and guided wave beam formation, steering, and focusing over regions that are smaller than the wavelength of incident electromagnetic radiation. Moreover, the beam steering capability can be extended beyond the physical boundaries of the metamaterial into the surrounding space to produce a controllable radiation pattern.

Problems solved by technology

In these metamaterials, the choice of operating frequency is restricted to the region of the resonance, which results in a highly dispersive, narrow and behaviour with strong associated absorption losses.

Method used

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  • Metamaterials for controlling and guiding electromagnetic radiation and applications therefor
  • Metamaterials for controlling and guiding electromagnetic radiation and applications therefor
  • Metamaterials for controlling and guiding electromagnetic radiation and applications therefor

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Embodiment Construction

The present invention relates generally to a metamaterial that supports propagating backward waves and thus exhibits left-handedness. Such metamaterials inherently support 2-D wave propagation, which is desirable for antennas, antenna beam formers, planar spectrum analyzers, compact RF / microwave lenses and antennas, phase compensators, antenna-integrated multiplexers and other microwave circuit applications.

To illustrate the concept of negative refraction, consider a phase-matching argument at the interface between a right-handed medium M1 and another generic medium M2, as shown in FIG. 1. The sign of the index of refraction of medium M2 is not a concern. Consider an incident plane wave in medium M1 with a wave vector k1 (i.e. such that the x-component of k1 is positive). A refracted wave with a wave vector k2 is then established in medium M2 such that the tangential wave vector components k1t and k2t are equal across the interface. This is the basis for Snell's Law, and it permits ...

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Abstract

A linear metamaterial comprises a transmission line, having a linear dimension, and is loaded with capacitors, and shunted with an inductor such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than the linear dimension and traveling along the axis of the transmission line, the effective permeability and permittivity of the metamaterial are simultaneously negative. Applications for the metameterial are also disclosed.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates generally to the control and guidance of electromagnetic radiation and in particular to a left-handed metamaterial for controlling and guiding electromagnetic radiation and to applications therefor.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe concept of a negative index of refraction, originally proposed by Veselago in the 1960s, suggested the possibility of materials in which the permittivity and permeability could be made simultaneously negative. Veselago termed these left-handed media (LHM), because the vectors E, H, and k would form a left-handed triplet instead of a right-handed triplet, as is the case in conventional, right-handed media (RHM). In such a material the phase velocity and Poynting vector are antiparallel. Recently, novel 3-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic materials have successfully demonstrated negative refraction by synthesizing a negative refractive index. These artificial dielectrics (metamaterials) consist of loosely cou...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01P5/16H01P3/00H01P5/18H01P1/18
CPCB82Y20/00G02B1/007H01P5/227H01P3/00H01P1/18
Inventor ELEFTHERIADES, GEORGE V.BALMAIN, KEITH G.
Owner ELEFTHERIADES GEORGE V