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Sorbent compositions and processes for reducing mercury emissions from combustion gas streams

a technology of sorbent compositions and processes, which is applied in the direction of emissions prevention, other chemical processes, separation processes, etc., can solve the problems of reducing the production efficiency the production of brominated activated carbon is not feasible, and the economic and commercial operation is not successful today, so as to achieve the effects of reducing mercury emissions, enhancing blending properties, and preparing sorbent compositions

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-08-27
ALBEMARLE CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes a method for making sorbent compositions that can be used to reduce mercury emissions in combustion gas streams. The method involves blending a brominated organic compound with a sorbent, such as activated carbon, and heating the brominated compound in the presence of the sorbent to adsorb it onto it. The resulting composition has improved thermal stability compared to the sorbent alone. The patent also covers the use of these compositions in reducing mercury emissions from combustion of coal and other fuels.

Problems solved by technology

Processes for electrolytic conversion of bromide to bromine are also known; but electrolytic conversion is an expensive alternative to the aforedescribed process.
Catalytic oxidation of bromide to bromine by use of oxygen or air mixtures has been reported; but no successful, economic, commercial operation is in place today.
However, production of brominated activated carbon requires the transport and handling of bromine which is corrosive and toxic.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Comparative Example

[0023]Preparation of Dichloromethane on PAC. A sample of wood-based powdered activated carbon (10.0 g) was treated with CH2Cl2 (0.53 g) in a closed container at 60 deg C until completely adsorbed. Analysis of the PAC by the Shoninger combustion technique indicated a CI content of 4.9 wt %. The PIO, as determined by DSC, was 327 deg C.

example 2

Preparation of Bromochloromethane on PAC

[0024]Wood-based powdered activated carbon from the same source as was used in Example 1 (10.0 g) was treated with CH2BrCl (0.56 g) in a closed container at 60 deg C until completely adsorbed. Analysis of the PAC by the Shoninger combustion technique indicated a halogen content of 4.9 wt %. Analysis by DSC indicated that the PIO was 381 C.

example 3

Preparation of Dibromomethane on PAC

[0025]Wood-based powdered activated carbon from the same source as was used in Example 1 (10.0 g) was treated with CH2Br2 (0.55 g) in a closed container at 60 deg C until completely adsorbed. Analysis of the PAC by the Shoninger combustion technique indicated a bromine content of 4.6 wt %. Analysis by DSC indicated that the PIO was 391 C.

[0026]For Examples 4 and 5, we treated the wood-based PAC with powdered brominated flame retardants. The stabilities of the samples were determined by DSC, which measures of the thermal properties of the activated carbon. It was surprisingly found that there was a great difference in thermal stabilities amongst the various additives. Best stability was found for HBCD followed by TBBPA.

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Abstract

Compositions, and processes utilizing such compositions, are provided for reducing mercury emissions from combustion gases. Such compositions comprise a sorbent and a brominated organic compound.

Description

BACKGROUND[0001]In 2005, the EPA issued the Clean Air Mercury Rule to cap and reduce mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants. This rule, combined with the EPA's Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) or other rules, may require significant reduction in mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants in the U.S. as early as 2010.[0002]Significant coal resources exist around the world that have the potential to satisfy much of the world's energy needs for a long period of time. The U.S. has large amounts of low-sulfur coal sources, e.g. Powder River basin coal in Wyoming and Montana, but such sources contain non-negligible amounts of mercury in both the elemental and oxidized forms. Thus, some type of mercury emission mediation technology is necessary in order for coal-fired energy plants to utilize such sources of coal without substantial mercury emissions.[0003]The Department of Energy has presented information from several studies that indicate mercury emissions during combustion o...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B01D53/02
CPCB01D53/02B01D53/64B01D53/83B01J20/20C01B31/083B01J20/22B01D2257/602F23J2215/60C01B32/354
Inventor NALEPA, CHRISTOPHER J.
Owner ALBEMARLE CORP