94 results about "Metabolizing enzymes" patented technology

The invention provides population models, methods, and algorithms for targeting a dosing regimen or compound selection to an individual patient. The methods and algorithms of the invention utilize population models that incorporate genotype information for genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes for one or more compounds of interest. The methods allow integration of genotype information for one or more genes encoding a drug metabolizing enzyme, particularly a cytochrome P450 gene with patient data. The methods allow integration of genotype information and the effect of one or more compounds on one or more drug metabolizing enzymes. The methods allow iterative feedback of drug metabolizing data obtained from a patient into the process of generating a dosage regimen recommendation for a compound of interest for an individual patient.

The present invention relates to methods for detecting polymorphisms in enzymes related to drug metabolizm (Drug Metabolizing Enzymes or DMEs) such as uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) gene promoter, cytochrome p450, with a non-amplified oligonucleotide detection assays. The present invention also relates to pharmacogenetic DME detection assay kits.

The invention provides population models, methods, and algorithms for targeting a dosing regimen or compound selection to an individual patient. The methods and algorithms of the invention utilize population models that incorporate genotype information for genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes for one or more compounds of interest. The methods allow integration of genotype information for one or more genes encoding a drug metabolizing enzyme, particularly a cytochrome P450 gene with patient data. The methods allow integration of genotype information and the effect of one or more compounds on one or more drug metabolizing enzymes. The methods allow iterative feedback of drug metabolizing data obtained from a patient into the process of generating a dosage regimen recommendation for a compound of interest for an individual patient.

Recombinant oleaginous alga that include one or more heterologous genes that increase the ability of the alga to use one or more natural saccharides such as cellulosic or hemicellulosic sugars for algal growth are described. The recombinant oleaginous algae are transformed to include one or more genes expressing sugar metabolizing enzymes or sugar transporting proteins, along with suitable control elements. Use of natural saccharides as a carbon source can allow the algae to produce biofuel precursors in a relatively efficient manner. Processes for preparing the alga, growing the alga, and extracting the biofuel precursors from the alga are also described.

The invention provides human drug metabolizing enzymes (DME) and polynucleotides which identify and encode DME. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or preventing disorders associated with aberrant expression of DME.

The present invention relates to methods for detecting polymorphisms in enzymes related to drug metabolizm (Drug Metabolizing Enzymes or DMEs) such as uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) gene promoter, with nucleic acid detection assays. The present invention also relates to detection assay kits.

The invention discloses a complete-set primer for SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) sites of drug-metabolizing enzyme genes and application thereof. The complete-set primer comprises amplificationprimers and extension primers of 9 SNP sites of 7 drug-metabolizing enzyme associated genes of human genome DNA, wherein a pair of multiple PCR amplification primers and a single-base extension primerare respectively designed for each site, and an MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry) method is adopted to detect typing of the SNP sites of a sample to be detected. The complete-set primer disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that a detection method for the drug-metabolizing enzyme genes based on gene molecule typing is established, and the typing of multiple SNPs can be finished at the same time in the same reaction, so that the accurate and efficient effects are achieved and the cost is low; the covered genes and sitesare related to the metabolizing enzyme genes related to 8 major types of common drugs for children, and the coverage is most complete in gene detection products of safe drugs used for children so far.

The invention relates to a resveratrol and bioflavonoid composition as well as preparation and application thereof. The active ingredients of the resveratrol and bioflavonoid composition comprise resveratrol solid dispersion and bioflavonoid solid dispersion in a weight ratio of (1-10):(1-10). The resveratrol and bioflavonoid composition provided by the invention has the advantages and effects that: in the composition, the resveratrol solid dispersion can improve the water solubility of resveratrol; and at the same time, after the bioflavonoid and resveratrol are combined, the metabolizing enzymes for glucuronidation and sulfonation of resveratrol are inhibited, thus the metabolism of resveratrol is inhibited and the bioavailability of resveratrol is improved.

The invention relates to a fluorescent quantitative detecting method for CYP2C19 genotyping fluorescent and a diagnostic kit. At present, CYP2C19 genotyping techniques at home and abroad are mainly RFLP technique and ALA technique which determine genotypes according to the size of a DNA fragment, with the disadvantages of time-consuming operation and low flux. The invention provides a novel point mutating or SNP detecting method which utilizes the ASA combination primer sequence designed for the polymorphic loci of the CYP2C19 gene exons 4 and 5, the referential ASA primer combination or the degenerated primer sequence for quality control, specific TaqMan-MGB probe sequences for amplified products, an ASA amplifying reaction method, the amplifying reaction result of real-time fluorescent quantitative detection, the fast analysis of mutation locus type and genotyping. The quantitative detecting method has the advantages of time saving compared with a conventional ASA method, no need for electrophoresis detection, fastness, accuracy, and the like, and can be used for detecting other drug-metabolizing enzymes, or more extensive genetic variation or mutation.

The invention discloses a ratio type fluorescent probe substrate for cytochrome oxidase CYP1A and an application thereof. The specific probe substrate has a hydroxynaphthalimide alkane acid structure and can be used for determining the CYP1A enzymatic activity in a biosystem. A flow for determining the CYP1A enzymatic activity comprises the following steps: selecting a hydroxynaphthalimide alkane acid demethylation reaction as a probe reaction, and determining the CYP1A enzymatic activity in various biological samples by quantitatively detecting the production amount of demethylation metabolites in a unit time. The ratio type fluorescent probe substrate disclosed by the invention can be used for quantitative evaluation for the CYP1A enzymatic activity in biological samples of different species and different individual sources and for quantitative determination for the CYP1A enzymatic activity in different-source animal tissue cell culture fluids and cell prepared products, so as to realize evaluation for the medicine disposition capacity of the important medicine metabolizing enzyme CYP1A. In addition, the probe reaction can also be used for rapidly screening a CYP1A inhibitor in vitro and evaluating the inhibition capacity of the inhibitor.

The invention provides a composition for inhibiting food digestion and absorption as well as a preparation method and an application of the composition. The composition disclosed by the invention, which is added with such components as a mulberry leaf extract, a white kidney bean extract and the like which can effectively inhibit human body metabolism on starch, fat and glucose, can take a relatively good curative effect and control effect on obesity and the like, and the composition has the advantages of being green and healthy in raw materials and finished product, rapid to take effects, free from side effects and the like. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the composition; according to the preparation method, corresponding compositions can be prepared by mixing various component raw materials; and the preparation method has the advantages of being simple and convenient and the like. Furthermore, the invention also provides an application of the composition; with the addition of the raw material components which can effectively inhibit amylase, lipase and sugar metabolizing enzymes, the composition provided by the invention can effectively inhibit metabolic absorption of the starch, the fat and the glucose to human body, so as to effectively treat the obesity; and in addition, the composition can be used for effectively controlling blood glucose of patients with hyperglycemia.

This invention relates to plants and plant cells which express heterologous D-amino acid metabolizing enzymes and may therefore employ D-amino acids as a source of nitrogen. Methods and means are provided for selectively modulating the growth and stress tolerance of such plants using D-amino acids. The methods can be used either for detoxification of phytotoxic D-amino acids such as D-alanine and D-serine, thereby allowing for selection of plants comprising said D-amino acid metabolizing enzymes, or for enhancing toxicity of lesser phytotoxic D-amino acids such as D-isoleucine, thereby allowing for selection of plants not comprising said D-amino acid metabolizing enzymes.

There are provided a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence for simultaneously quantifying absolute amounts of metabolizing enzyme proteins in a biological sample at high sensitivity and a method for using the same. A peptide which can be detected at high sensitivity with a mass spectrometer that enables highly sensitive simultaneous quantification of metabolizing enzymes, intracellular proteins, is selected, and the amino acid sequence thereof is identified. Using a stable-isotope-labeled peptide having the same amino acid sequence as the amino acid sequence of this peptide to be quantified, a mass spectrometry by LC-MS / MS is performed at predetermined concentration levels of the stable-isotope-labeled peptide to create a calibration curve. The stable-isotope-labeled peptide is added to a peptide fragment obtained by fragmenting metabolizing enzyme proteins to be quantified in a sample with trypsin, amass spectrometry by LC-MS / MS is performed to calculate amass spectrum area ratio of the metabolizing enzyme protein peptides to be quantified and the stable-isotope-labeled peptide, and a quantitative value is obtained from the area ratio using the calibration curve.

This invention provides transformed microorganisms which can produce ethanol from pentose, by introducing pentose metabolizing enzymes into microorganisms belonging to genus Zymobacter which cannot utilize pentose.

The present invention relates to a novel hepatocyte-like cell progenitor and / or a novel hepatocyte-like cell derived via definitive endoderm from human blastocyst-derived stem (hBS) cells, to a method for the preparation of such cells and to the potential use of such cells in e.g. pharmaceutical drug discovery and development, toxicity testing, cell therapy and medical treatment.In particular is presented a definitive endoderm derived hepatocyte-like cell with important liver-expressed marker genes and important metabolizing enzymes, as well as drug transporters.

The invention provides a drug use management method and device and electronic equipment. According to the method, first a gene detection result of a user is obtained, wherein the gene detection resultincludes a genotype of a drug metabolizing enzyme and a single nucleotide polymorphism site; then, according to the gene detection result and a pre-established relationship model between drug metabolizing enzyme genes and drug metabolism, the drug metabolism type of each drug is determined; and finally, pre-stored drug information is obtained, and each drug is classified according to the drug information and drug metabolism type, wherein the drug information includes drug names. In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the difference of the drug metabolizing enzymes in personal genetic genes is detected through a gene detection means, thereby obtaining the drug metabolism capabilities of the drug metabolizing enzymes, and then the drugs are classified accordingto a pharmacogenomics theory, thereby assisting the user to correctly use drugs and realizing scientific management of personalized drug use.

Cell lines harboring a range of polymorphisms using recombinant cytochrome P450 or other chemical-metabolizing enzymes in a parent cell line that is minimally expressing or devoid of its own cytochrome P450 protein or other chemical-metabolizing enzymes of interest can be placed into an array format to enable high throughput screening of one or more chemicals for CYP450 or other enzyme-dependent metabolism (FIG. 9). Processing of the cells can be automated, done en-masse through use of an array having a substrate upon which a plurality of cell lines with exogenous chemical-metabolizing enzymes are coupled, and both relative and quantitative metabolism rates determined using mass spectrometry over time. Thus, methods are disclosed to measure, for example, the effects of cytochrome P450 polymorphisms on clinical drug metabolism in a high throughput manner for drug development and genetically personalized diagnostics and treatment regimens.

The invention belongs to the technical field of gene detection, in particular to a detection kit and a detection method for medication of hypertension patients. The medication gene locus combination for hypertension patients totally comprises 15 gene loci, comprising common drug metabolizing enzyme gene loci, drug targeting gene loci and gene loci of common drugs for H-type hypertension and otherhypertension complications. The gene loci are based on a fluorescence quantitative PCR technology and uses a specific Taqman primer probe set to greatly improve the accuracy and specificity of the product; the locus coverage is reasonable, the guiding effect on drugs is more accurate, a comprehensive reference is provided for the combined medication and individualized medication of hypertension patients, guidance can be provided for people suffering from hypertension and complications thereof, patients can receive the most effective treatment as soon as possible, and the whole detection process only needs 4 hours from extraction to result determination.

This invention relates to a drug-metabolizing enzyme heterogenesis expression system used for out-of-body drug metabolism property evaluation, exactly to say a yeast expression system of coexpressing CYP and CPR, the yeast expression vector which respectively has CPR DNA fragment and CYP DNA fragment is transduced into yeast cell, this two expression vector express in yeast cell by means of occlusal pattern and liberation respectively , custom-crafted yeast cell is fermented and induced, getting yeast cell product which is purpose expression system, it can be used for CYP enzyme system out-of-body drug metabolism property evaluation. The constructed new Saccharomyces cerevisia co-expression system can be extensively used for oxidation reduction enzyme system such as cytopigment P450 enzyme system, the latter one is extensively used for screening, application and development of drug metabolism involved in ADME / T and pharmacokinetics.

An antibody microarray screen including a substrate, monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that are purified immunoglobins, wherein the antibodies are spotted on predetermined positions on the substrate, and fluids unprocessed for immunoglobulin isolation (e.g., anti-sera, ascites fluids, or hybridoma culture media), wherein the unprocessed fluids are spotted on the predetermined positions on the substrate. Production of drug-metabolizing enzyme antibody microarrays containing closely related cytochromes P450 is disclosed. Methods of manufacturing an antibody microarray, an internal control molecule for use in an antibody microarray, a method of determining optimal spotting concentrations of IgG and a method to increase a detectable signal with microarray analysis are disclosed.

The inventors herein describe methods for the production of a functional human, animal, plant or microbe protein arrays and methods to assay for interactions between the proteins on the array with molecules of interest, for example, using such arrays to determine the in vitro metabolite profile of any drug. Such protein arrays can be used, for example, to assay, in a parallel fashion, the protein products of DNA sequences encoding drug metabolizing enzymes (DMES) to obtain a toxicology profile. Also described herein is a novel DME expression and purification strategy using detergents and not requiring an ultra-centrifugation step.

A novel nuclear receptor, termed the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR), a broad-specificity sensing receptor that is a novel branch of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has been discovered. SXR forms a heterodimer with RXR that can bind to and induce transcription from response elements present in steroid-inducible cytochrome P450 genes in response to hundreds of natural and synthetic compounds with biological activity, including therapeutic steroids as well as dietary steroids and lipids. Instead of hundreds of receptors, one for each inducing compound, the invention SXR receptors monitor aggregate levels of inducers to trigger production of metabolizing enzymes in a coordinated metabolic pathway. Agonists and antagonists of SXR are administered to subjects to achieve a variety of therapeutic goals dependent upon modulating metabolism of one or more endogenous steroids or xenobiotics to establish homeostasis. An assay is provided for identifying steroid drugs that are likely to cause drug interaction if administered to a subject in therapeutic amounts. Transgenic animals are also provided which express human SXR, thereby serving as useful models for human response to various agents which potentially impact P450-dependent metabolic processes.

This invention relates to plants and plant cells which express heterologous D-amino acid metabolizing enzymes and may therefore employ D-amino acids as a source of nitrogen. Methods and means are provided for selectively modulating the growth and stress tolerance such plants using D-amino acids. The methods can be used either for detoxification of phytotoxic D-amino acids such as D-alanine and D-serine, thereby allowing for selection of plants comprising said D-amino acid metabolizing enzymes, or for enhancing toxicity of lesser phytotoxic D-amino acids such as D-isoleucine, thereby allowing for selection of plants not comprising said D-amino acid metabolizing enzymes.

The present disclosure relates to a novel hepatocyte-like cell progenitor and / or a novel hepatocyte-like cell derived via definitive endoderm from human blastocyst-derived stem (hBS) cells, to a method for the preparation of such cells and to the potential use of such cells in, e.g., pharmaceutical drug discovery and development, toxicity testing, cell therapy and medical treatment. In particular is presented a definitive endoderm derived hepatocyte-like cell with important liver-expressed marker genes and important metabolizing enzymes, as well as drug transporters.

The invention provides a preparation method of Korean mondshood root total alkaloids and applications in preparing a slow sodium-ion passage blocking agent and preparing drugs for resisting arrhythmia. Both the Korean mondshood root total alkaloids and the guanfu base I are provided to have an effect for inhibiting slow sodium current of ventricular muscles of cavies. The invention particularly relates to an application of guanfu base VIIII in preparing a drug-metabolizing enzyme inhibitor. The invention also provides an application of guanfu base VIIII in preparing a slow sodium-ion passage blocking agent.