This invention discloses an active adjustment and
protection system and method based on the composite judgment of gas blowout risk, which is carried out in the following steps: After connecting the blowout prevention sealing
pipe at the orifice to the temporary sealing device at the borehole opening of the target
coal seam, the drilling rig is started, and the
protection system and
monitoring system are activated simultaneously to start the construction operation of the extraction borehole; after the
monitoring system collects multi-
source data signals, it performs robust preprocessing and
standardization; three types of
logic gate criteria are constructed to judge the preprocessed data respectively, calculate the composite
risk index and mark the
risk level; according to the marked
risk level, corresponding active adjustment and protection measures are adopted; low extraction negative pressure and high diversion buffer ratio are maintained and continuously monitored, and after the reset condition is met, the
drill rod is released from the locked state, the opening of the
throttle valve is increased slightly and continuously and the diversion buffer ratio is reduced to resume the construction operation of the extraction borehole. This invention collects and processes multi-
source data during drilling, constructs
multiple criteria, and calculates a risk
composite index. Before a blowout occurs, it provides graded early warnings and performs time-sequential linkage control of rapid closure, locking,
pressure reduction, diversion buffering, locking, and controlled reset, thereby achieving orderly control of energy release and reducing the probability of blowouts.