New method for extracting Swainsonine from locoweed

Abstract

This invention discloses a novel method for extracting swainsonine from locoweed. The method comprises: (1) extracting locoweed powder with ethanol at a ratio of 1:(6-10) for 3 times (4 h each time), filtering, recovering ethanol, dissolving the residue with 3-5 times of ethanol, recovering ethanol to obtain an extractum, adding 2% acetic acid to adjust the pH value to 4.5-6, adding 50-100 times of chloroform, and recovering the chloroform layer; (2) extracting the acidic water layer with 50 times of chloroform for twice, recovering chloroform, drying the acidic water at 50-60 deg.C to obtain crude alkaloids, completely dissolving in 1 M ammonium solution, adding 10% NaOH solution (1 mL / 45-75 g) and methanol (5 mL / 45-75 g) into alkaloids solution, extracting with dichloromethane repeatedly until the solution color is light, adding ammonium solution to completely dissolve the residue, extracting with dichloromethane, and recovering dichloromethane to obtain crude swainsonine; (3) dissolving with methanol, evaporating methanol, and sublimating to obtain white needle-like crystals. The method has such advantages as easy operation, and high extraction rate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of material components, and in particular relates to a new method for extracting swainsonine from locoweed. Background technique [0002] Swainsonin is the main toxic component in locoweeds. Long-term consumption of locoweeds by animals can cause toxic diseases characterized by central nervous system dysfunction. Since locoweeds are widely distributed in the world, they are the most serious hazards to grassland animal husbandry. The poisonous weed has attracted much attention. At the same time, swainsonine is an inhibitor of α-mannosidase in lysosomes. It has received great attention as a new anticancer drug in recent years. It is characterized by its ability to kill cancer cells and immune regulation. function to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis [1] . At present, the research on the mechanism of locoweed poisoning requires a large amount of swainsonine. At the same time, swainsonine has broad applicat...

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Problems solved by technology

The extraction methods of swainsonine reported above all use column chromatography, the steps are cumbersome, many reagents are used, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and not suitable for mass production

Li Qinfan et al. (2005) [7] , Liu Zhibin et al. (2006) [8] The method of extracting swainsonine from Oxytropis chinensis in Gansu Province is simpler than the traditional method, but it is extracted from the plant with water, and the extraction liquid is large in volume, so it is not suitable to evaporate to dryness

There have been many reports abroad on the chemical synthesis of swainsonine. American chemists Yasuda and Bennet shared 21 steps in the chemical synthesis of swainsonine. [9] , so far, the simplest synthetic method also needs 9 steps to complete, and some expensive or toxic reagents are used in the synthetic process, which limits mass production [10]

Therefore, although milligram-level swainsonine can be purchased in the market, the price is very expensive. This experiment explored a simple and easy extraction method by improving the existing extraction process and replacing column chromatography with extraction. method

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