Method for breeding triploid poplar by chromosome doubling of poplar megaspore induced at high temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding a triploid poplar by the chromosome doubling of poplar megaspore induced by high-temperature treatment. The method sequentially comprises the following steps: treating the female flower bud of a female parent poplar grown for a certain period of time at a temperature exceeding the temperature for the normal growth; carrying out the cross pollination on female inflorescence by using the pollen of a male parent poplar; managing infructescence; harvesting seeds; sowing the seeds and growing the seedlings; carrying out the chromosome detection on the seedlings; screening the triploid poplar; wherein, the female flower bud of the poplar is treated at the temperature exceeding that for the normal growth when the division phase of meiosis in most megaspore mother cells of the female flower bud of the female parent poplar is during the diplotene stage to the diakinesis stage. By making clear the optimum treatment period and treatment conditions for the chromosome doubling of the poplar megaspore induced by the high-temperature treatment and taking relatively accurate control on the effective treatment period, the invention improves the accuracy and stability for breeding the triploid poplar, increases the induction efficiency of the triploid poplar and economizes the experimental materials and manpower.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding plant polyploids, in particular to a method of high-temperature treatment at a specific stage of meiosis of megaspore mother cells to induce the doubling of poplar megaspore chromosomes relatively accurately and efficiently and then select for breeding The invention relates to a method for poplar triploid plants, which belongs to the field of plant genetic breeding. Background technique [0002] The occurrence of plant polyploidy in nature comes from the ploidy variation of the chromosome group in the nucleus, that is, the occasional chromosome doubling during somatic cell division and the production of unreduced gametes during meiosis. Artificial induction of chromosome doubling can be carried out by chemical induction methods such as colchicine solution and physical induction methods such as abnormal temperature. The ways to artificially obtain polyploid include somatic cell chromosome doubling, hybridi...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] At present, the effective treatment period for high-temperature-induced plant megaspore chromosome doubling and breeding of triploids has not yet been revealed, and the high-temperature treatment conditions during the effective treatment period have not yet been clarified; and poplar lacks reference to the environment in which male plants or female plants and male plants are located. When the difference is large, the megaspore chromosome doubling is effective, and the instant discrimination method has not been resolved

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