Cathode of aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode of an aluminum electrolysis cell, which is formed by splicing cathode carbon blocks, wherein the cathode carbon blocks comprise spherical cathode carbon blocks (1) with top surfaces as spherical surfaces and common cathode carbon blocks (2) with horizontal top surfaces. The cathode of the aluminum electrolysis cell is formed by splicing the spherical cathode carbon blocks (1) or formed by splicing the spherical cathode carbon blocks (1) and the common cathode carbon blocks (2), which are matched. The invention can reduce the flowing of aluminum liquid and electrolyte, decreases the disturbance brought by the flowing of the aluminum liquid to the electrolyte, and ensures that the resistance of the electrolyte is more stable, thereby reducing the through-flow loss of the electrolyte; the invention can reduce the heat radiating area of the side part and the volume of the aluminum liquid, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the heat radiation of theside part and saving the energy consumption; and the invention can slow down the flowing speed of high flowing speed rotating vortexes of the aluminum liquid and enhance the stability of the electrolyte, decreases the heat radiation, and can further reduces the energy consumption.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, belonging to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis. Background technique [0002] In the past 10 years, my country's electrolytic aluminum technology with aluminum electrolytic cells as the core has been fully developed, and basically realized the serialization of electrolytic cell capacity (200KA, 300KA, 400KA, etc.), and the large-scale electrolytic series (from 100,000 tons to 250,000 tons). However, aluminum electrolysis is a typical high-energy-consuming industry. The comprehensive power consumption per ton of aluminum is generally above 14,000 kwh / t-Al. Based on the national primary aluminum production capacity of 15 million tons in 2008, the total energy consumption of my country's electrolytic aluminum industry should be 2,100 kwh per year. More than 100 million degrees. The energy utilization rate of electrolytic aluminum production is 45% to 48%, so there is a lot of ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It is known that the flow of molten aluminum, especially the irregular flow of molten aluminum, is the main factor for the instability of the electrolytic cell, and the instability of the electrolytic cell will cause: ①The electrolyte system is unstable and the electrochemical reaction efficiency is reduced; ②The noise value of the electrolytic cell increase, the control system will increase the tank voltage to control the low noise, both of the above two points will lead to an increase in power consumption per ton of aluminum

At the same time, with the development of large-scale electrolytic cell capacity, the furnace and current of the electrolytic cell are getting larger and larger, resulting in more and more serious flow field problems: the probability of uneven distribution of temperature and various materials in the electrolyte in the cell increases; The electrolyte flow rate increases; the amount of aluminum produced in the tank increases; the possibility of turbulent flow of the molten fluid in the tank increases at some positions

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