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Anisotropic three-dimensional prestack time migration method

A pre-stack time migration, anisotropy technology, applied in seismic signal processing and other directions, can solve complex problems

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-08-03
INST OF GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Problems solved by technology

For 3D seismic data, because the acquisition signal has different spatial sampling rates along the survey line and perpendicular to the survey line, the seismic data has azimuth changes, and the selection of the migration aperture becomes more complicated than that of the 2D case.

Method used

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Embodiment 1

[0171] Embodiment 1: Anisotropic three-dimensional pre-stack time migration method, taking a certain block in the Bohai Sea area as an example, the specific steps are as follows:

[0172] (1) Use multiple streamers or multiple survey lines to record the reflected seismic signals excited by the artificial source and record them on tape. Specifically, the reflected seismic signals excited by the artificial source are acquired by means of offshore streamers and recorded on the tape; each shot has 3 streamers, the distance between the streamers is 100m, and the distance between the geophones on the streamers (i.e., the track spacing) is 3.125m, the recording time of the seismic signal is 5s, and the time sampling is 1ms. Each shot contains 3×1152=3456 channels; a total of 2745 shots are excited and recorded. figure 1 It is a typical single-shot record after conventional noise suppression processing.

[0173] (2) Read the seismic signals from the tape, and perform conventional noi...

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Abstract

The invention provides an anisotropic three-dimensional prestack time migration method which is applied to processing reflection seismic data in seismic exploration and relates to a prestack time migration method aiming at three-dimensional seismic data acquisition. The method takes into account the effect of the velocity anisotropy of an earth medium on the travel time and the amplitude value propagated by a seismic wave and can independently determine the migration velocity and the anisotropic parameters during the migration process, therefore, a migration image which is accurately homed and is preserved in amplitude is obtained. The method determines the three-dimensional time-varying migration aperture in an anisotropic medium according to an underground structure time-varying inclination angle and can simultaneously press the migration noise during the migration process. With the adoption of the method, the efficient and parallel calculation is realized through reasonable distribution of the seismic data among compute nodes of a cluster computer. The method has the key point that the travel time, the amplitude value and the imaging weight coefficients of the seismic wave and an incident angle in the anisotropic medium are solved with the application of a one-way wave operator with deep migration and the steady phase point principle; and has the important application value for oil-gas and mineral resource exploration.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of reflection seismic data processing in seismic exploration of oil and gas fields and mineral resources, relates to the technical category of pre-stack migration imaging in the process of seismic data processing, and is an anisotropic three-dimensional pre-stack time migration method for three-dimensional seismic data migration imaging . Background technique [0002] In the processing of reflection seismic data in seismic exploration, pre-stack migration imaging is a key link, and pre-stack time migration is an important method in pre-stack migration imaging. The pre-stack time migration method can better image a type of geological structure with complex faults but less severe lateral velocity changes. Compared with the pre-stack depth migration method, in addition to its higher computational efficiency, its main advantage is that it only needs to use the stacked (root mean square) velocity; in this way, a...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28G01V1/30
Inventor 张剑锋张江杰张浩井涌泉
Owner INST OF GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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