Novel energy-saving and environment-friendly technology for making iron and making iron alloy by using lamp-shaped furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel energy-saving and environment-friendly method for making iron and making an iron alloy by using a lamp-shaped furnace. Large-air hole pressure-proof type ore is loaded from the top of the furnace by using the lamp-shaped furnace with a small furnace hearth and a hot furnace core, coal oxygen or coal power is jetted from the furnace hearth, high-temperature reduction gas is generated and rises to reduce the type ore, reduced furnace gas is combusted again to preheat the descended type ore, and the utilization rate of CO in the furnace is approximate to 100 percent. The furnace has a small amount of coke, low air displacement, a high material temperature and high smelting speed and does not have nitrogen, so that the utilization coefficient of furnace capacity is improved by more than 10 times compared with that of a blast furnace. The standard coal consumption in each ton of iron is less than 400kg and oxygen consumption is less than 320NM<3>, or coal consumption is less than 270kg, power consumption is less than 1,000 degrees and the oxygen consumption is less than 25NM<3>. The occupied area, investment and employees of a lamp furnace ton iron factory cannot reach one fifth of those of a blast furnace process. The energy consumption of the iron alloy reduced by coal electric furnace charcoal is lowered to a great extent, and the novel method is suitable for updating and leading the conventional energy-saving and emission-reduction technology of large and medium blast furnaces or submerged arc furnaces.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of iron and steel smelting, in particular to a new technology for iron-smelting or iron-alloy smelting in lamp-shaped furnaces using molded ore, coal-oxygen or coal-fired electricity instead of coke and sintered agglomerates. Background technique: [0002] At present, ironmaking or ironmaking alloys mostly use coke and agglomerates to be smelted in blast furnaces or submerged arc furnaces, so there are the following disadvantages: ① Coking plants and sintering plants that produce coke and agglomerates are heavily polluted; ② coke and agglomerates of different particles Loading from the top of the furnace complicates the distribution of the furnace gas, and the lower part of the furnace body reduces the exhausted CO 2 A large amount of CO is produced by reacting with coke in the upper part of the furnace, and it is discharged out of the furnace before the reduction reaction, resulting in the CO utilization r...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, ironmaking or ironmaking alloys mostly use coke and agglomerates to be smelted in blast furnaces or submerged arc furnaces, so there are the following disadvantages: ① Coking plants and sintering plants that produce coke and agglomerates are heavily polluted; ② coke and agglomerates of different particles Loading from the top of the furnace complicates the distribution of the furnace gas, and the lower part of the furnace body reduces the exhausted CO 2 A large amount of CO is produced by reacting with coke in the upper part of the furnace, and it is discharged out of the furnace before the reduction reaction, resulting in the CO utilization rate of the blast furnace <54% for decades, and the CO utilization rate of the submerged arc furnace is even lower; The high-pressure gas smelted in the interior is completely sealed, and the furnace hole is opened and blocked, which pollutes the environment. The hot air of the large blast furnace cannot blow to the furnace core, causing the furnace core to be cold, and the smelting speed is slow or stagnant. ④The coke and nitrogen that do not participate in the reaction account for the vast majority of the furnace capacity, and the exhaust volume per ton of iron is large, so that the furnace capacity utilization coefficient of blast furnaces and submerged arc furnaces has rarely increased in the past 50 years, and the infrastructure investment per ton of iron has been large

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