Method for fertilizing winter wheat by mixed basal application of nitrogen fertilizer and maize straw

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for fertilizing winter wheat by the mixed basal application of a nitrogen fertilizer and maize straw. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) crushing summer maize straw in fields, returning to the fields completely, and spraying a nitrogen fertilizer solution on the surface of the crushed maize straw uniformly; (2) performing rotary tillage or ploughing; (3) sowing the winter wheat, and applying a phosphorus fertilizer, a potash fertilizer and a trace element fertilizer in a seed manure application mode; and (4) dressing the nitrogen fertilizer onceat the elongation stage of the winter wheat. According to the method, by a field returning mode of spraying the nitrogen fertilizer on the surface of the maize straw, a carbon nitrogen ratio of the straw is regulated, and the nutritional environment which facilitates the growth of straw decomposition microbes is constructed, so that the growth of the microbes is facilitated, the decomposition speed of the straw is improved, inorganic nitrogen of the fertilizer is converted into organic nitrogen, the loss of the nitrogen fertilizer is reduced, and the fertilizer efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer is improved; and at the middle and late growth stage of the wheat, the amount of the organic nitrogen released by mineralizing the maize straw through the microbes is gradually increased, so that the growth requirement of the wheat at the middle and late growth stage on a nitrogen element is met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for fertilizing winter wheat with mixed base application of nitrogen fertilizer and corn stalks, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural technology. Background technique [0002] At present, returning corn stalks to the field is a commonly used technology, which plays an important role in fertilizing the soil. For example, Chinese patent document CN102020512A (application number 201010539332.9) discloses a method for quickly decomposing summer corn stalks in the field, which is used to solve the problem of corn stalks decomposing. It crushes the corn stalks in the field and returns them directly to the field in full, and then spreads decomposing agents, additives and other materials. The amount of spreading materials per mu is: 2-2.5kg of decomposing agents, 3-5kg of additives, 0.5-1kg, urea 6-8kg; then plow or rotary tillage in time, and sow winter wheat one week later. Although this method promotes the d...

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Problems solved by technology

This method is a special fertilizer formulated for the growth of corn after the straw is returned to the field. It does not consider the needs of the straw when it is decomposed, and this method is applied to corn. Since the nutrients required by wheat and corn during the growth process are quite different, Therefore, it cannot be applied to wheat

[0004] How to balance the nutrients needed for wheat growth and the nutrients needed for straw decomposing microorganisms, so that the two can promote each other, is a difficult problem in the application of straw returning technology to wheat planting, and there is no relevant report so far

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