Dry land wheat region fallow period water storage and soil moisture preservation cultivation method

A technology for fallow period and wheat area, applied in botany equipment and methods, horticulture, application, etc., can solve the problems of not being able to use it in spring rain, not being able to increase organic matter, and not being able to rot in time, so as to improve soil storage The effect of increasing the amount of water and protein content and increasing the theoretical yield

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-11-21
SHANXI AGRI UNIV
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main problems in dryland wheat production are: low input of organic fertilizer, low soil fertility, low water storage and water retention capacity of the soil, resulting in low water use efficiency; late return of straw to the field, unable to rot in time, and unable to achieve the effect of increasing organic matter in the current season At the same time, it affects the quality of sowing; although the fallow period has relatively more rainfall, accounting for more than 60% of the annual rainfall, the summer temperature is high, and the evaporation loss of surface water is large, which cannot achieve the purpose of summer rain in spring; dryland wheat is basically Planting while taking advantage of moisture or waiting for rain, so the planting time is early or late, premature planting before winter, and planting too late are small and weak almost every year
However, after entering the 21st century, the new situation of "two strong and one weak" in crop production has been strengthened in material energy input, strengthened in agricultural machinery operation hardware, and weakened in farmland human input. Due to changes in rural labor force and agricultural mechanization, "four early three "The popularization and application of water storage and moisture conservation technology is facing severe challenges

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  • Dry land wheat region fallow period water storage and soil moisture preservation cultivation method
  • Dry land wheat region fallow period water storage and soil moisture preservation cultivation method
  • Dry land wheat region fallow period water storage and soil moisture preservation cultivation method

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Embodiment 1

[0033] In 2010-2011, in Qiujialing Village, Wenxi County, Shanxi Province, the technology of water storage and moisture conservation during the fallow period of dryland wheat was demonstrated, with a demonstration area of ​​1,000 mu. The planting method of one crop per year was adopted, and the experimental site was summer fallow land. The soil fertility: organic matter was 8.67 g / kg, total nitrogen was 0.75 g / kg, alkaline nitrogen was 33.52 mg / kg, and available phosphorus was 2.14 mg / kg. On July 8, 2010, 5000 kg / mu of farmyard manure was evenly sprinkled on the demonstration area. A high-powered tractor is used to plow 45cm deep, and all the straw on the surface is buried in the soil while deep plowing. On August 20, 2010, a rotary tiller was used to harrow and collect moisture, and chemical weeding was carried out once at the same time. Sowed on September 16, 2010, and harvested on June 15, 2011, the measured theoretical yield was 412 kg / mu, and the actual yield of the rand...

Embodiment 2

[0035] In 2010-2011, the technology of water storage and moisture conservation during the fallow period of dryland wheat was demonstrated in Fan Village, Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, with a demonstration area of ​​500 mu. The planting method of one crop per year was adopted, and the experimental site was summer fallow land. The soil fertility: organic matter 8.52 g / kg, total nitrogen 0.69 g / kg, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen 31.32 mg / kg, available phosphorus 2.08 mg / kg. On July 10, 2010, 4000 kg / mu of farmyard manure was evenly sprinkled on the demonstration area. A high-powered tractor is used to plow 40cm deep, and all the straw on the surface is buried in the soil while deep plowing. On August 22, a rotary tiller was used to harrow and harvest moisture, and chemical weeding was carried out once at the same time. Harvested on June 13, 2011, the measured theoretical yield was 394 kg / mu, and the actual yield of the randomly selected 3-mu demonstration field was 380 kg / mu...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a dry land wheat region fallow period water storage and soil moisture preservation cultivation method. According to the method, after a former stubble of wheat is harvested, fertilizers are applied during the rain in early and middle July, then, deep soil turning is carried out so that ground surface fertilizers and straws are totally returned to the land, the concave-convex uneven state of the ground is maintained, the harrowing soil moisture preserving is carried out in early and middle August, and meanwhile, once chemical weeding is carried out. Compared with the prior art, the technology provided by the invention has the advantages that 0 to 300cm of soil moisture preserving quantity can be increased before the winter wheat seeding, and the soil organic matter fertilizer power can be enhanced. The technology provided by the invention has the advantages that the operation is simple, the practicability is high, the water preserving effect is obvious, the cultivation, the fertilization and the straw field returning are integrated, the organic combination of the agricultural machinery and the agricultural technology is realized, the coordinated cooperation of the cultivation moisture preservation and the fertilization water storage is realized, and the goals of wheat fallow period summer rain deep storage and season crossing utilization are reached. The method provided by the invention is widely applied to loess plateau dry land wheat regions. Compared with the traditional cultivation technology, the method has the advantage that under the average year production conditions, the wheat yield can be improved by more than 20 percent.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop farming, in particular to a cultivation method for water storage and moisture conservation during the fallow period suitable for dry land wheat regions on the Loess Plateau. Background technique [0002] Drought and water shortage are one of the key factors limiting the yield of dryland wheat. For a long time, dry farming mainly adopts mulching and other seeding methods to reduce runoff and ineffective evaporation of water, improve soil water retention capacity and soil moisture, and ultimately increase yield. However, the only source of water for dryland wheat is natural rainfall, and the rainfall in the dryland wheat region of the Loess Plateau is basically concentrated in July-September, which is the fallow period of the dryland wheat region. This period is the replenishment and recovery period of soil moisture. The amount of water determines the amount of moisture in dryland wheat before sowing, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G1/00
Inventor 高志强赵红梅贺立恒邓联峰白东崔凯孙敏
Owner SHANXI AGRI UNIV
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