Peanut breeding method of fast neutron irradiation combining with tissue culture

Abstract

The invention provides a peanut breeding method of fast neutron irradiation combining with tissue culture. The main steps are that a peanut seed is disposed through the neutron irradiation and the peanut seed is sterilized on the surface. Embryo lobules are separated and the embryo lobules are inoculated to the somatic embryo induction culture medium to be cultivated. An explant forming the somatic embryo is transferred to the somatic embryo germination culture medium and cultivated. The somatic embryo is transferred to the seedling culture medium to be cultivated after the somatic embryo germinates, thus the seedling is promoted to develop. Obtained regrowth- seedling is transplanted to the field after the regrowth- seedling is grafted. The field management is conventional. Clear variation and separation occur to obtained regrowth-plant progeny (M2). The seed disposed by the fast neutron irradiation is tissue cultured, thus a great quantity of regrowth-plants are obtained. A dozen of the regrowth-plants or even dozens of the regrowth-plants can be obtained through one grain seed. Selection probability is greatly increased. The problems that the seed of the peanut is large and a selection group of mutagenesis breeding is not achieved are solved. The somatic cell origins from a single cell through the embryo occurring way of the regeneration of the mutant, thus mosaic of the mutant can be avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of peanut breeding, and in particular relates to a peanut breeding method combining fast neutron irradiation with tissue culture. Background technique [0002] Peanut is an important oil crop and economic crop. Breeding new high-yielding, high-quality, multi-resistant peanut varieties is of great significance for improving peanut production value and increasing farmers' income. However, the narrow genetic basis of peanut cultivars has become more and more prominent, which has largely limited the breakthrough progress of peanut breeding. The application of mutagenesis technology can create mutants that do not exist in nature or are extremely rare. However, peanut seeds are relatively large, and fewer seeds are often treated during physical irradiation, and the semi-lethal dose is often used as the appropriate mutagenic dose. That is, about half of the irradiated seeds cannot germinate and grow normally, so they cannot...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the narrow genetic basis of peanut cultivars has become more and more prominent, which has largely limited the breakthrough progress of peanut breeding.

The application of mutagenesis technology can create mutants that do not exist in nature or are extremely rare. However, peanut seeds are relatively large, and fewer seeds are often treated during physical irradiation, and the semi-lethal dose is often used as the appropriate mutagenic dose. That is, about half of the irradiated seeds could not germinate and grow normally, so they did not reach the selection population for breeding, because mutation breeding often requires a large enough population to obtain beneficial mutants

[0003] In recent years, very few reports have carried out the study of peanut fast neutron irradiation mutagenesis combined with plant tissue culture, but the study of obtaining mutants has not been reported yet.

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