Comprehensive aquaculture device and method based on multi-trophic-level ecological ditch

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive aquaculture device and a method based on a multi-trophic-level ecological ditch. An aquaculture pond is connected with a filter feeding type fish aquaculture area through a culvert pipe, the filter feeding type fish aquaculture area is connected with an emergent aquatic plant purification area through a water filtration partition, the emergent aquatic plant purification area is connected with a submerged plant purification area through a water filtration partition, a water filtration partition is arranged at the tail end of the submerged plant purification area, and a water pump is arranged inside each partition. The aquaculture method includes the steps that the step A, source water which is acquired on the rim and accords with fishery water quality standards is pumped into the aquaculture pond through automatic flow or a water pump; step B, the aquaculture mode of combination of high-density stocking and multiple stocking and multiple fishing is adopted; step C and step D, along with arrival of aquaculture seasons, an impeller type aerator and a water ploughing machine are arranged in the aquaculture pond; step E, fishes are stocked in the filter feeding type fish aquaculture area; step F, leakage and water evaporation are carried out, and standard source water is added into the aquaculture pond. By means of the comprehensive aquaculture device and the method based on the multi-trophic-level ecological ditch, structure is simple, aquaculture is convenient to operate, aquaculture yields are improved greatly, and water area environment is protected.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and more specifically relates to an ecological fishery breeding device, and also relates to an ecological circulation aquaculture method using an ecological ditch as a water treatment unit. Background technique [0002] Pond aquaculture is the main body of my country's aquaculture industry, an important basis for increasing fishery efficiency and fishermen's income, and an important way for rural development and fishermen to get rich. However, with the rapid development of the country's economic construction, the people's demand for high-quality aquatic products continues to grow. The current extensive production method of pond culture is no longer suitable for the needs of social development and the requirements of the international market. The current pond farming model mostly starts from the pursuit of output and economic benefits, and exchanges high consumption and high input for high out...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the past 15 years, although the total output of pond aquaculture in my country has increased by 11.46 million tons, the aquaculture area has also increased by nearly 1.11 million hectares 2 ; Second, pond culture consumes more and more water resources

Generally speaking, in the later stage of fish pond culture, the water needs to be changed once every 7 days or so, and the water change rate is about 20-30% each time. 3 3. Pond farming consumes more and more biological resources and electric energy

In the traditional pond polyculture mode, a large amount of grass, organic fertilizer, plant meal and low-quality feed are often thrown in, and the feed utilization rate is low. As a result, a large amount of breeding waste is produced and the water quality of the pond deteriorates. Moderate by changing the water, which consumes energy and water

[0005] (2) Material energy cannot be fully utilized, and water pollution is intensified

In order to meet the water quality and ecological requirements of pond cultured fish, the aquaculture wastewater must be continuously replaced and discharged, resulting in a large waste of fresh water resources and loss of available materials and energy

At the same time, the aquaculture wastewater discharged without treatment will also have a serious impact on the water ecological environment around the pond.

[0007] (3) Breeding environment and ecological security are damaged

[0008] Traditional pond farming is basically open-type, and the relevant aquaculture wastewater discharge standards have not yet been established. A large amount of aquaculture wastewater is discharged into the surrounding environment, which has caused great pressure on the surrounding environment of aquaculture.

On the one hand, the waste pollution of aquaculture itself is becoming more and more serious, and the deterioration of the water environment is becoming more and more prominent, making it difficult for the toxic and harmful substances and hygiene indicators of aquaculture products to meet the standards and regulations; on the other hand, only focusing on the development of high-value aquatic organisms, Neglecting the protection of biological diversity in water areas has resulted in increasingly single biological species in fishery waters, severe damage to biodiversity, continuous loss of self-regulation and self-repair functions of water ecosystems, and ecological security problems in aquaculture waters have become increasingly prominent

[0009] (4) There are hidden dangers in the quality and safety of aquatic products

[0010] Under the premise of blind pursuit of aquaculture production, the aquaculture density is too high, and a large number of drugs and additives are used, which further deteriorates the aquaculture environment, greatly increases the aquaculture risk, and seriously reduces the quality of aquatic products; high-density aquaculture makes aquatic products seriously diseased.

On the one hand, the increasingly frequent diseases have caused huge economic losses to farmers; on the other hand, due to the lack of highly efficient, low-toxic, and highly targeted aquatic medicines and commercial vaccines suitable for large-scale fish immunization, there is no Standardized and unscientific drug use has made the problem of drug residues a major bottleneck that plagues my country's export of aquatic products and a major hidden danger that threatens the health of our people.

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