A kind of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to aluminum-based composite materials, in particular to a design and preparation method of a novel particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, that is, adding micro-nano-scale MgO and SiO to pure aluminum or aluminum alloy matrix 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2 One or more of the three, prepare Al by melt direct reaction method 2 O 3 and MgO•Al 2 O 3 (Magnesium Aluminum Spinel) Hybrid Oxide Particle Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites, Al 2 O 3 The particle size is in the nano-scale, and the magnesium-aluminum spinel particles are in the micro-nano scale, realizing multi-scale hybrid oxide particle strengthening. The particle volume fraction is calculated according to the stoichiometric formula, and the suitable total particle fraction is 2vol.%~4vol.%. The prepared composite material has the characteristics of low cost, high strength, high wear resistance, low thermal expansion and low residual stress. It is a new type of aluminum matrix composite material system.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a design and preparation method of a novel particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and belongs to the field of new material preparation. Background technique

[0002] Aluminum matrix composites combine the advantages of aluminum matrix and composite phase, and have comprehensive excellent performance such as high strength, high modulus, high wear resistance, and low expansion. They have attracted much attention in the research of new materials. When particles are used as reinforcing phase It has the characteristics of good anisotropy, good particle rounding, uniform dispersion, and uniform stress dispersion when external force is applied. Therefore, research on new particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites has attracted much attention in the industry.

[0003] The main types of existing reinforcement phases are as follows, including (1) oxides, such as a...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0021] Example 1 2vol.% (Al 2 o 3 +MgO·Al 2 o 3 ) Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Particle Reinforced ZL101 Aluminum Matrix Composites

[0022] The main components of ZL101A are listed in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1 Chemical composition (wt%) of ZL101 aluminum alloy

[0024]

[0025] With MgO and SiO 2 As a reactant, the total volume fraction of target reinforcing particles is 2vol.%, and the simple compound Al is expected to be generated 2 o 3 Volume fraction 1vol.%, complex compound MgO Al 2 o 3 (Magnesium-aluminum spinel) volume fraction 1vol.%, the initial aluminum amount is 2kg, you need to add 5g of MgO, SiO 2 The amount is 29.56g, and the reactant powder is 34.56g in total.

[0026] The preparation process is as follows: cool the baked reactants and mix them evenly, divide 34.56g of reactants into two packages according to the amount of 20g~21g per package, wrap them with aluminum foil for use; melt ZL101 aluminum alloy in a crucible furnace , when ...

Embodiment 2

[0027] Example 2 4vol.% (Al 2 o 3 +MgO·Al 2 o 3 ) Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Particle Reinforced ZL101 Aluminum Matrix Composites

[0028] With MgO and SiO 2 +TiO 2 As a reactant, the total volume fraction of target reinforcement particles is 4vol.%, and the simple compound Al is expected to be generated 2 o 3 Volume fraction 2vol.%, and complex compound MgO·Al 2 o 3 (Magnesium-aluminum spinel) volume fraction 2vol.%, initial aluminum amount is 2kg, then need to add MgO amount 10g, SiO 2 Quantity 29.56g, TiO 2 The amount was 39.41 g, and the reactant powder was 78.97 g in total.

[0029] The preparation process is as follows: cool the baked reactants and mix them evenly, divide 78.97g of reactants into three packages according to the amount of 23g~27g per package, wrap them with aluminum foil for use; melt ZL101 aluminum alloy in a crucible furnace , when the temperature reaches 850°C, use a graphite bell jar to press the powder packets into the melt o...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Example 3 3vol.% (Al 2 o 3 +MgO·Al 2 o 3 ) Preparation and mechanical properties of particle-reinforced 7055 aluminum matrix composites The composition of 7055 aluminum alloy is shown in Table 2.

[0031] Table 2 Composition list of 7055 aluminum alloy

[0032]

[0033] With MgO and ZrO 2 As a reactant, the total volume fraction of target reinforcing particles is 3vol.%, and the simple compound Al produced 2 o 3 Volume fraction 1.5vol.%, and complex compound MgO·Al 2 o 3 (Magnesium-aluminum spinel) volume fraction 1.5vol.%, the initial aluminum content is 1kg, the amount of MgO added is 7.5g, ZrO 2 The amount is 90.9g, and the total amount of reactants is 98.4g.

[0034] The preparation process is as follows: cool the baked reactants and mix them evenly, divide 98.4g of reactants into four packages according to the amount of 20g~30g per package, wrap them with aluminum foil for use; melt 7055 aluminum alloy in a crucible furnace , when the temperature reach...

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a design and preparation method of a novel particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and belongs to the field of new material preparation. Background technique

[0002] Aluminum matrix composites combine the advantages of aluminum matrix and composite phase, and have comprehensive excellent performance such as high strength, high modulus, high wear resistance, and low expansion. They have attracted much attention in the research of new materials. When particles are used as reinforcing phase It has the characteristics of good anisotropy, good particle rounding, uniform dispersion, and uniform stress dispersion when external force is applied. Therefore, research on new particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites has attracted much attention in the industry.

[0003] The main types of existing reinforcement phases are as follows, including (1) oxides, such as a...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0021] Example 1 2vol.% (Al 2 o 3 +MgO·Al 2 o 3 ) Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Particle Reinforced ZL101 Aluminum Matrix Composites

[0022] The main components of ZL101A are listed in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1 Chemical composition (wt%) of ZL101 aluminum alloy

[0024]

[0025] With MgO and SiO 2 As a reactant, the total volume fraction of target reinforcing particles is 2vol.%, and the simple compound Al is expected to be generated 2 o 3 Volume fraction 1vol.%, complex compound MgO Al 2 o 3 (Magnesium-aluminum spinel) volume fraction 1vol.%, the initial aluminum amount is 2kg, you need to add 5g of MgO, SiO 2 The amount is 29.56g, and the reactant powder is 34.56g in total.

[0026] The preparation process is as follows: cool the baked reactants and mix them evenly, divide 34.56g of reactants into two packages according to the amount of 20g~21g per package, wrap them with aluminum foil for use; melt ZL101 aluminum alloy in a crucible furnace , when ...

Embodiment 2

[0027] Example 2 4vol.% (Al 2 o 3 +MgO·Al 2 o 3 ) Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Particle Reinforced ZL101 Aluminum Matrix Composites

[0028] With MgO and SiO 2 +TiO 2 As a reactant, the total volume fraction of target reinforcement particles is 4vol.%, and the simple compound Al is expected to be generated 2 o 3 Volume fraction 2vol.%, and complex compound MgO·Al 2 o 3 (Magnesium-aluminum spinel) volume fraction 2vol.%, initial aluminum amount is 2kg, then need to add MgO amount 10g, SiO 2 Quantity 29.56g, TiO 2 The amount was 39.41 g, and the reactant powder was 78.97 g in total.

[0029] The preparation process is as follows: cool the baked reactants and mix them evenly, divide 78.97g of reactants into three packages according to the amount of 23g~27g per package, wrap them with aluminum foil for use; melt ZL101 aluminum alloy in a crucible furnace , when the temperature reaches 850°C, use a graphite bell jar to press the powder packets into the melt o...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Example 3 3vol.% (Al 2 o 3 +MgO·Al 2 o 3 ) Preparation and mechanical properties of particle-reinforced 7055 aluminum matrix composites The composition of 7055 aluminum alloy is shown in Table 2.

[0031] Table 2 Composition list of 7055 aluminum alloy

[0032]

[0033] With MgO and ZrO 2 As a reactant, the total volume fraction of target reinforcing particles is 3vol.%, and the simple compound Al produced 2 o 3 Volume fraction 1.5vol.%, and complex compound MgO·Al 2 o 3 (Magnesium-aluminum spinel) volume fraction 1.5vol.%, the initial aluminum content is 1kg, the amount of MgO added is 7.5g, ZrO 2 The amount is 90.9g, and the total amount of reactants is 98.4g.

[0034] The preparation process is as follows: cool the baked reactants and mix them evenly, divide 98.4g of reactants into four packages according to the amount of 20g~30g per package, wrap them with aluminum foil for use; melt 7055 aluminum alloy in a crucible furnace , when the temperature reach...

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