The application provides a silk
fibroin nanofiber composite film and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a self-supporting film with an ordered and continuous
fiber network framework from a silk
fibroin nanofiber dispersion liquid, wherein the
fiber network framework serves as a reinforcing phase; contacting the self-supporting film with a solution containing a matrix phase and / or a functional phase, so that the matrix phase and / or the functional phase is filled into the
fiber network framework of the self-supporting film to obtain a composite precursor film; and extruding the composite precursor film, or extruding and cross-linking the composite precursor film to obtain the silk
fibroin nanofiber composite film. The method of the application adopts a
time sequence separation strategy of 'first making a framework and then filling', and the self-
assembly ordered structure of the silk fibroin nanofiber is completely reserved. The reinforcing phase, the matrix phase and the functional phase in the obtained
composite film synergistically act, and the composite film has high
mechanical strength, low swelling rate and functional integrability, and can be applied to the fields of implantable medical devices or biosensors.