The invention discloses a method for preparing a hollow glass bead composite
alumina aerogel material by a directional freezing method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adding hollow glass beads into a hydroxy propyl
cellulose solution to prepare a hollow glass bead suspension solution; 2, adding a
silicon source into a
calcium chloride aqueous solution, and adding the chopped
alumina fibers and the hollow glass bead suspension solution to prepare
emulsion gel; 3, directional
freeze drying; and 4, heating to obtain the
aerogel material. According to the preparation method, an
emulsion-
gel method is adopted,
emulsion gel is taken as a soft substance matrix, and
alumina fibers and hollow glass beads are combined through an ultrahigh-
viscosity colloid and a structure rearrangement agent, so that the density,
porosity and heat
conductivity coefficient of the
aerogel material are effectively regulated and controlled, and the aerogel material is endowed with flexibility while the
mechanical strength of the aerogel material is improved; after high-temperature
ablation, the material is stable in structure, low in heat
conductivity coefficient, capable of isolating heat from passing at ultralow temperature and high temperature, simple in preparation process, low in cost,
environmentally friendly and suitable for large-scale production.