The Breeding Method of Improving the Germination Rate of Soybean Seeds

Abstract

The invention relates to a breeding method for increasing the emergence rate of soybean seeds. In the method, soybean parent materials with relatively far genetic relationships or different ecological forms, excellent agronomic and complementary advantages and disadvantages are selected to be hybridized so as to obtain an F1 generation; deep seeding is performed on the F1 generation in the optimum seeding period of soybeans in the South area in Huanghuai in summer, hybridized combinations with the emergence rate of more than 70% within 6 days after seeding are reserved, and the F1 generation are harvested in a mixing manner during the maturity period so as to obtain an F2 generation; according to the method, deep seeding is performed on the F2 generation and an F3 generation continuously so as to obtain an F4 generation; the seeding with normal depth is performed on the F4 generation and next generations so as to breed new soybean species with the high emergence rate. According to the method, soybean filial generation and early generation deep-seeding tests are performed, the selective pressure of soil ejecting during seedling emerging is enlarged, and new soybean species with the high soil ejecting capacity and the high emergence speed can be bred. By the method, the fact that the seedling protection is difficult when cotyledons come up out of the ground during the emergence of soybeans, diseases during the seedling stage of soybeans are reduced, and the bottleneck of a variety technology in soybean no-tillage precision seeding matched breeding technologies is broken through.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a soybean breeding method, in particular to a breeding method for increasing the emergence rate of soybean seeds. Background technique [0002] Soybean is a dicotyledonous plant. The cotyledons are unearthed at the time of emergence, and the ability to top the soil is poor. Ensuring uniform seedlings is the key to obtaining high yields of soybeans. The wheat-soybean cropping system in the Huang-Huai-Hai region is two crops a year, and the farming season is tight. After the wheat is planted, the soybeans are mostly planted with stubble. The quality of sowing is poor, and it is difficult to ensure that the seedlings are complete and uniform, resulting in the traditional concept of "buying seeds with money, but seedlings without money" formed over the years. The phenomenon is common and seriously affects the yield of varieties. [0003] No-tillage precision sowing of soybeans is carried out, and single seeds are evenly seeded, w...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] In recent years, the global climate has changed abnormally, extreme weather has occurred frequently, and the risk of agricultural production safety has increased