A kind of tulip bulb breeding and rejuvenation production method

Abstract

The invention provides a breeding rejuvenation production method of tulip bulbs. The method comprises the following steps: in mid-to-end of September, transferring the 6-11cm tulip bulbs for breeding into a 2-5 DEG C refrigeration storage for low-temperature vernalization until early December; planting in first and second thirds of December, and soaking the bulbs in 5-aminolevulinic acid liquid for 2-3 minutes before planting; covering old straws on a strip surface at the end of December and January of the following year, and then capping agricultural films for heat preservation; when the bulbs germinate in mid-to-end of January, uncovering the agricultural films after the first leaf unfolds, and spraying 5-aminolevulinic acid on the surface of each leaf; covering the agricultural films for heat preservation when the lowest temperature is lower than 0 DEG C; spraying 5-aminolevulinic acid on the surface of each leaf again at early March; harvesting the breeding new bulbs at the first and second thirds of May. According to the method, the germinating time of the tulip is ahead of more than 50 days; the total growing period from germinating to being withered and yellow is 110-115 days, particularly the expansion growth period of the bulbs after flowering can be more than 55 days; the flower bulbs of which the perimeter is greater than or equal to 12cm and which are bred by the 8-11cm bulblets can be up to more than 90%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding and rejuvenating bulbs, in particular to a method for breeding and producing tulip bulbs. Background technique [0002] The production and breeding of tulip flowering bulbs have high requirements on natural environmental conditions and corresponding technical level. Under the climatic conditions of our country, the new bulbs formed after conventional planting and flowering of tulips are only two-thirds of the size of the original bulbs, and become smaller and degraded. Very serious. At present, only a few countries such as the Netherlands and Japan have mastered this technology in the world. Dutch tulip flowering bulbs must be bred in areas with warm and humid winters and cool summers. The optimum temperature for the breeding and production of tulip bulbs in the Netherlands is 15-18°C, and the optimum temperature for flower bud differentiation is 17-21°C. Growth and differentiation are inhibited when the...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, more than 100 colleges and universities, scientific research institutes and related enterprises in China have carried out research and industrialization of tulip flowering bulb production and breeding technology, but so far our country has not successfully established a The main reason for the production and breeding base of tulip flowering bulbs is that China has not yet found a region with climate conditions similar to the Netherlands. There are currently reported production and breeding test bases for tulip flowering bulbs in the Netherlands, high-altitude areas such as Xining in Qinghai and Zhaosu in Xinjiang The temperature in summer is low, which seems to be suitable, but the severe cold time in winter is too long, and the tulip seed balls for production and breeding germinate and unearth late, and the tulip germination and unearthing period is usually around April 1 (the Netherlands is early and mid-February); the effective growth period in the field It has not yet reached the level of the Netherlands, and the photosynthetic nutrient time of the leaves is short, which cannot fully guarantee the nutrient accumulation required for field production of tulip flowering bulbs; while in coastal areas, such as Lianyungang, Jiangsu, the spring is suitable for the growth and development of tulip bulbs. The temperature comes early, so that tulips grow and wither early, and the leaves have less time for photosynthetic nutrition, resulting in a short effective growth period of tulip bulbs in the field, and the growth period of tulip plants from germination to yellowing is usually only 70-80 days (105-115 days in the Netherlands). Especially in the period of rapid expansion of bulbs after flowering, the frequent occurrence of high temperatures above 25°C after mid-April severely shortens the growth period of bulb expansion, usually about 20 days, which cannot fully guarantee the nutrients required for field production of tulip flowering bulbs Accumulation, so that the new bulbs formed after flowering are only two-thirds of the size of the original bulbs, and the degradation is very serious. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding and rejuvenating tulip bulbs, so that the tulip bulbs formed after flowering Cultivation and management method of new bulbs not smaller than original bulbs

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