Electric-magnetic compound field synergy laser-cladding method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric-magnetic compound field synergy laser-cladding method and device. In the laser-cladding process, an applied electric field and an applied magnetic field are simultaneously coupled in a workpiece, so that conductive fluid of a molten pool is capable of generating controllable lorentz force by means of the synergic effect of the electric-magnetic compound field, the heat and mass transfer behavior in the laser cladding process can be regulated and controlled, and tendency control of the molten convection can be realized to achieve the aims of regulating and controlling solidification structures, optimizing mechanical performances of the workpiece, regulating distribution of solute element or external hardness phase, improving the surface appearance of a cladding layer and the like. The electric-magnetic compound field synergy laser-cladding device comprises a laser, a laser transmission channel, a powder feeding head, a permanent magnetic or excitation device, a workpiece clamp, a lead wire, a low-voltage high-current power supply and the like. The device realizes synergic control of the electric-magnetic compound field on the laser induced molten pool, and has the characteristics of strong regulation and control capability, flexible regulation and control type, wide application range and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method and device for electro-magnetic compound field cooperative laser cladding. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding technology refers to the addition of different solute elements or hard phases to add cladding materials on the surface of the substrate. After laser irradiation, the cladding materials and the surface of the substrate are simultaneously melted to form a molten pool. After rapid solidification Forms a surface coating that is low dilution and metallurgically bonded to the substrate. Laser cladding technology is also the basis of laser combined additive manufacturing and laser 3D printing technology. The main characteristics of laser cladding are: less heat input and workpiece deformation; metallurgical bonding between the cladding layer and the substrate; less cladding material consumption, good cost performance; easy automation o...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] (1) The adjustment of laser process parameters can only change the external heat transfer boundary of the molten pool of the cladding layer, and cannot control the movement direction of the fluid inside the molten pool. Therefore, it is difficult to control the tendency of the structure and performance of the solidified layer by simply adjusting the laser process parameters;

[0004] (2) Under the rapid solidification conditions of laser cladding, the cladding layer is very easy to form uneven solidification structures with different shapes, sizes and directions, and microscopic defects such as pores and inclusions in the cladding layer are often difficult to discharge in time and remain In the cladding structure, it seriously affects the quality of the cladding layer;

[0005] (3) Under the irradiation of high-energy laser beams, the molten pool of the cladding layer is strongly stirred, resulting in the disordered distribution of solute elements or hard phases, and it is difficult to achieve layering or gradient control in the single-layer laser cladding process

The alternating Lorentz force formed by the rotating magnetic field in the molten pool cannot form a unidirectional volume force inside the molten pool, and cannot have a tendency to affect the flow of the molten pool, and can only play a role in homogenizing the structure

Therefore, the existing pure magnetic field has a single form of regulation and control of the laser cladding process and its regulation ability is limited. The proposal of the present invention will effectively solve the above problems

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