Method and device for achieving middle-upper thoracic vertebrae semi-pedicle screw fixation in posterior mode

Abstract

The invention discloses a device used in cooperation with a middle-upper thoracic vertebrae semi-pedicle fixation operation in a posterior mode. The device comprises a nut, a screw, a connecting rod, a spring cushion and an elastic self-locking module. The end in the perpendicular direction of the elastic self-locking module is connected with the screw, and the end in the horizontal direction of the elastic self-locking module is connected with the connecting rod. When the device is in use, the nut is screwed to enable the elastic cushion and the elastic self-locking module to be meshed, and therefore the screw is locked. The invention further discloses a method for achieving middle-upper thoracic vertebrae semi-pedicle screw fixation in the posterior mode. The problem that due to the fact that a traditional fixation device has no elasticity function and is likely to be loosened and cause screw breakage under the human body kinetics effect after being fixed during an operation, the operation fails is effectively solved. The method is high in safety and strength, good in accuracy and easy to grasp, and the problem that the difficulty and risk of planting a screw into the vertebral pedicle of the middle-upper thoracic vertebrae of a patient in a posterior mode are high is solved clinically.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of medicine, and in particular relates to a method and equipment for screw placement and fixation through the posterior hemipedicle approach of the middle and upper thoracic vertebrae. Background technique [0002] The upper middle thoracic spine generally refers to T1-T10, where the pedicles are much thinner than the lumbar pedicles, the segment T4-T9 is the narrowest, and the average transverse diameter of the pedicles is less than 5mm. Ebraheim et al found that the narrowest pedicle was 3.8 mm at T4, followed by 4 mm at T5 and T6. [0003] Traditional nailing methods include Roy-Camille method and Maged method; popular nailing methods at home and abroad include ball tip technique (Ball tip Technique), funnel technique (Funnel Technique) and computer-aided navigation technology. [0004] According to the traditional screw implantation method, Vaccaro et al. reported that up to 41% of the pedicle screws of the upper...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] According to the ball tip technique (Ball tip Technique) screw implantation method, the pedicle penetration rate is 10-15%; according to the ball funnel technique (Funnel Technique) screw implantation method, the pedicle penetration rate is 16%; according to the computer-aided The screw implantation method with navigation technology has a 4.6% pedicle perforation rate, but the cost is high and the operation technique is complicated

[0006] Therefore, the internal fixation of the pedicle of the middle and upper thoracic vertebrae is difficult to implant according to the above method, and there will be three major problems: first, the pedicle screw is easy to break into the spinal canal and cause spinal cord injury, and paralysis occurs in severe cases; The pedicles of the upper thoracic spine are thinner, and the pedicle screws used for fixation are correspondingly thinner, resulting in weak internal fixation and easy breakage of the screws; third, because of the thinner pedicles, the pedicles expand after internal fixation Fracture occurs due to sexual changes, resulting in decreased internal fixation strength

[0007] Due to the constraints of the above three major factors, the pedicle screw internal fixation technology of the middle and upper thoracic spine is very limited in clinical practice

In addition, traditional fixation equipment generally has the problems of small fixation area and low friction force. After surgical fixation, it is easy to loosen under the action of human body dynamics, and even cause broken nails, which leads to the problem of surgical failure, and even worse. The pedicle fixation surgery of the operation is even worse

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